Possessive 's 使用
名词所有格 's 用于表示名字或名词的所属关系：John's bag、my sister's house、my parents' dog。它最常用于人、动物、亲属、姓名和人群。
This is Joanna's T-shirt.
这是乔安娜的T恤。
这是乔安娜的T恤。
I am using my mom's laptop.
我在用我妈妈的笔记本电脑。
我在用我妈妈的笔记本电脑。
My parents' dog is so playful.
我父母的狗非常爱玩。
我父母的狗非常爱玩。
What is the price of the laptop?
这台笔记本电脑多少钱？
这台笔记本电脑多少钱？
Possessive 's 形式
其形式取决于所有者：姓名、单数名词、规则复数名词或不规则复数名词。
| 占有者 | 表单 | 示例 |
| 一个名字或单数名词 | 's | Mila's T-shirt / my sister's house |
| 以 -s 结尾的复数名词 | ' | my parents' dog / the teachers' room |
| 不加 -s 的不规则复数 | 's | the children's toys / the men's jackets |
| 以 -s 结尾的单数名词 | 's | my boss's car / James's phone |
| 两个人和一件共同的东西 | 第二个名字上的's | Jill and Greg's room |
| 事物和抽象名词 | of + noun | the price of the laptop / the name of the book |
person + 's + possession
plural noun ending in -s + ' + possession
possession + of + thing
所有格 's 还是 of？
| 最好使用 | 当时 | 示例 |
| 's / ' | 人、动物、亲属、名字、人群 | David's painting / the dog's bowl |
| of | 事物、事物的部分、价格、标题 | the screen of the laptop / the title of the book |
Possessive 's 规则
-
在人名或单数名词后加上's。
It is my son's phone.
这是我儿子的手机。This is Joanna's T-shirt.
这是乔安娜的T恤。The teacher's desk is near the window.
老师的桌子在窗户附近。 -
如果规则复数名词已经以 -s 结尾，只需加一个撇号：parents'、friends'、teachers'。
My parents' dog is so playful.
我父母的狗非常爱玩。We visited our friends' house.
我们去了朋友家。 -
如果复数形式不规则且不以 -s 结尾，加上 's：children's、men's、women's、people's。
The children's toys are on the floor.
孩子们的玩具在地板上。The women's coats are in the hall.
女士外套在大厅里。 -
如果单数名词以 -s 结尾，更便于学习的形式是 's：my boss's car。有些文体只用一个撇号，但在练习中，'s 更清晰。
It is my boss's car.
这是我老板的车。 -
如果两个人共同拥有一件东西，只在第二个名字后加上's。
Jill and Greg's room is upstairs.
吉尔和格雷格的房间在楼上。Anna and Mark's car is blue.
安娜和马克的车是蓝色的。 -
如果每个人各有自己的东西，就在每个名字后都加上所有格形式。后面的名词通常用复数。
Jill's and Greg's rooms are upstairs.
吉尔和格雷格的房间都在楼上。Anna's and Mark's laptops are on the table.
安娜的和马克的笔记本电脑在桌子上。 -
对于事物，我们经常使用 of + 名词，尤其用于价格、标题和事物的部分。
The price of the laptop is too high.
这台笔记本电脑的价格太高了。What is the name of the book?
这本书叫什么名字？The screen of the phone is broken.
手机屏幕坏了。 -
’s 也可以与组织、动物和时间表达连用，只要听起来自然。
The company's website is easy to use.
公司的网站很容易使用。The dog's bowl is empty.
狗的碗是空的。Yesterday's lesson was useful.
昨天的课很有用。
Possessive 's 问题
要询问所属关系，用Whose...?。在回答中，你可以使用所有格's或物主代词。
Whose + noun + is it?
Whose + noun + are they?
It is + person's/name's + noun.
A: Whose phone is it?
B: It is my son's phone.
A: Whose laptop are you using?
B: I am using my mom's laptop.
A: Whose dog is this?
B: It is my parents' dog.
A: Whose painting did the teacher like?
B: The teacher liked David's painting.
Possessive 's 常见错误
常见错误包括遗漏撇号、使用错误的复数形式，以及将表示所有格的 's 与普通复数 -s 混淆。
❌ I am using my mom laptop.
✅ I am using my mom's laptop.
❌ The teacher liked painting David.
✅ The teacher liked David's painting.
❌ My parents's dog is playful.
✅ My parents' dog is playful.
❌ The childrens' toys are on the floor.
✅ The children's toys are on the floor.
❌ It is my boss' car.
✅ It is my boss's car.
❌ What is the laptop price?
✅ What is the price of the laptop?
❌ John bag is on the chair.
✅ John's bag is on the chair.
❌ Jill's and Greg's room is upstairs. (one shared room)
✅ Jill and Greg's room is upstairs.
❌ The book's name is difficult. (better for beginner level)
✅ The name of the book is difficult.
❌ Whose phone is it? It is my son phone.
✅ Whose phone is it? It is my son's phone.
Possessive 's 句子
This is Joanna's T-shirt.
这是乔安娜的T恤。
这是乔安娜的T恤。
My sister's house is near the park.
我姐姐的房子在公园附近。
我姐姐的房子在公园附近。
Mila's phone is on the sofa.
米拉的手机在沙发上。
米拉的手机在沙发上。
My parents' dog is very playful.
我父母的狗非常爱玩。
我父母的狗非常爱玩。
It is my boss's car.
这是我老板的车。
这是我老板的车。
Jill and Greg's room is upstairs.
吉尔和格雷格的房间在楼上。
吉尔和格雷格的房间在楼上。
The children's books are on the shelf.
儿童读物在书架上。
儿童读物在书架上。
The price of the laptop is too high.
这台笔记本电脑的价格太高了。
这台笔记本电脑的价格太高了。
What is the name of the book?
这本书叫什么名字？
这本书叫什么名字？
The dog's bed is in the kitchen.
狗的床在厨房里。
狗的床在厨房里。
Yesterday's meeting was short.
昨天的会议很短。
昨天的会议很短。
Whose jacket is this? It is Anna's jacket.
这是谁的夹克？这是安娜的夹克。
这是谁的夹克？这是安娜的夹克。
Possessive 's 例子
I borrowed my brother's bike because my bike was broken.
因为我的自行车坏了，所以我借了我哥哥的自行车。
因为我的自行车坏了，所以我借了我哥哥的自行车。
Sarah's keys are on the table, but Mark's keys are in the car.
莎拉的钥匙在桌子上，但马克的钥匙在车里。
莎拉的钥匙在桌子上，但马克的钥匙在车里。
My grandparents' garden is full of flowers.
我祖父母的花园里开满了鲜花。
我祖父母的花园里开满了鲜花。
The students' tests were very difficult.
学生们的考试非常难。
学生们的考试非常难。
The children's parents are waiting outside.
孩子们的父母正在外面等候。
孩子们的父母正在外面等候。
My friend's apartment is bigger than mine.
我朋友的公寓比我的大。
我朋友的公寓比我的大。
The company's new office is in London.
公司的新办公室在伦敦。
公司的新办公室在伦敦。
The end of the film was surprising.
电影的结尾令人惊讶。
电影的结尾令人惊讶。
Next week's lesson will be about questions.
下周的课程将是关于提问的。
下周的课程将是关于提问的。
Whose backpack is on the floor? It is Tom's.
谁的背包在地板上？是汤姆的。
谁的背包在地板上？是汤姆的。
