Past Perfect: sætninger, øvelser, tests og eksempler

Past Perfect bruger

Past Perfect bruges til at tale om en handling, der fandt sted før en anden handling eller et tidspunkt i fortiden.

She had left before I arrived.
Hun var gået, før jeg ankom.

Past Perfect Form

Subject + had + V3.

I had finished the report before the meeting started.
Jeg var blevet færdig med rapporten, før mødet begyndte.
They had already gone home when we called.
De var allerede gået hjem, da vi ringede.

Past Perfect Regel

  • Førdatid viser, at én handling skete før en anden handling i fortiden.
    When I arrived, they had already started the meeting.
    Da jeg ankom, var de allerede begyndt på mødet.
    He had locked the door before he left.
    Han havde låst døren, før han gik.
  • Det bruges ofte sammen med before, after, when og by the time.
    By the time we got to the station, the train had left.
    Da vi nåede frem til stationen, var toget kørt.
    After she had finished the task, she went for a walk.
    Efter at hun havde afsluttet opgaven, gik hun en tur.
  • Det bruges ofte sammen med ord som allerede, lige og aldrig.
    I had already seen that film before we watched it together.
    Jeg havde allerede set den film, før vi så den sammen.
    She had never visited that city before her business trip.
    Hun havde aldrig besøgt den by før sin forretningsrejse.
  • Det bruges ofte med udtryk som inden klokken 5, inden mandag eller inden udgangen af ugen, når vi taler om et resultat før et tidspunkt i fortiden.
    By Friday, we had finished the project.
    Inden fredag havde vi afsluttet projektet.
    By the end of the day, she had answered all the emails.
    Ved dagens afslutning havde hun besvaret alle e-mails.
  • Pluskvamperfektum kan bruges til at forklare en årsag eller et resultat i fortiden.
    He was tired because he had worked all night.
    Han var træt, fordi han havde arbejdet hele natten.
    They missed the flight because they had left home too late.
    De missede flyet, fordi de var taget hjemmefra for sent.

Past Perfect Negation

  • Nægtelse dannes med had not eller kortformen hadn't.
    I hadn't finished the report before the manager arrived.
    Jeg havde ikke afsluttet rapporten, før lederen ankom.
    She hadn't seen the message before the meeting started.
    Hun havde ikke set beskeden, før mødet begyndte.

Past Perfect Spørgsmål

I spørgsmål står had før subjektet.

Had + subject + V3?
Wh-word + had + subject + V3?

Had you finished the report before the deadline?
Havde du færdiggjort rapporten inden fristen?
Had she left before you called?
Var hun gået, før du ringede?
Why had they cancelled the meeting?
Hvorfor havde de aflyst mødet?
Where had he worked before he moved to London?
Hvor havde han arbejdet, før han flyttede til London?

Past Perfect Typiske fejl

❌ She had went home before I arrived.
✅ She had gone home before I arrived.
❌ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting had started.
✅ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting started.
❌ Did you had finished the task before lunch?
✅ Had you finished the task before lunch?
❌ I was tired because I worked all night.
✅ I was tired because I had worked all night.

Past Perfect Sætninger

By the time we arrived, the conference had already started.
Da vi ankom, var konferencen allerede begyndt.
She had prepared everything before the guests came.
Hun havde forberedt alt, før gæsterne kom.
I had saved the document before the computer crashed.
Jeg havde gemt dokumentet, før computeren gik ned.
They had discussed the problem before they spoke to the manager.
De havde diskuteret problemet, før de talte med chefen.
He had never used that software before he joined the team.
Han havde aldrig brugt det software, før han kom med på holdet.
We had booked the tickets before we chose the hotel.
Vi havde bestilt billetterne, før vi valgte hotellet.
She had already left when I got to the office.
Hun var allerede gået, da jeg kom til kontoret.
They had finished dinner before the film started.
De var færdige med middagen, før filmen begyndte.
I had written the email before I noticed the mistake.
Jeg havde skrevet e-mailen, før jeg opdagede fejlen.
He had improved his English before he applied for the job.
Han havde forbedret sit engelsk, før han søgte jobbet.

Past Perfect Eksempler

I had completed the task before my manager asked about it.
Jeg havde fuldført opgaven, før min chef spurgte om den.
She had forgotten her password, so she couldn't log in.
Hun havde glemt sin adgangskode, så hun kunne ikke logge ind.
They had already made a decision when we joined the meeting.
De havde allerede truffet en beslutning, da vi deltog i mødet.
We had seen that place once before we moved there.
Vi havde set det sted én gang før, før vi flyttede dertil.
He had checked the code carefully before he published the update.
Han havde kontrolleret koden omhyggeligt, før han udgav opdateringen.
I had never tried that kind of food before I went to Spain.
Jeg havde aldrig prøvet den slags mad, før jeg tog til Spanien.
She had printed the documents before the client arrived.
Hun havde printet dokumenterne, før kunden ankom.
We had cleaned the apartment before our friends came over.
Vi havde gjort lejligheden ren, før vores venner kom forbi.
He had read the instructions before he started the test.
Han havde læst instruktionerne, før han begyndte testen.
They had moved to a new office before they hired more employees.
De var flyttet til et nyt kontor, før de ansatte flere medarbejdere.

Engelske grammatikøvelser tilgængelige i appen

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to