Past Perfect: rečenice, vježbe, testovi i primjeri

Past Perfect koristimo

Pluskvamperfekt se koristi za govor o radnji koja se dogodila prije druge radnje ili trenutka u prošlosti.

She had left before I arrived.
Otišla je prije nego što sam stigao.

Past Perfect Oblik

Subject + had + V3.

I had finished the report before the meeting started.
Završio sam izvješće prije nego što je sastanak počeo.
They had already gone home when we called.
Već su otišli kući kad smo nazvali.

Past Perfect Pravilo

  • Pluskvamperfekt pokazuje da se jedna radnja dogodila prije druge radnje u prošlosti.
    When I arrived, they had already started the meeting.
    Kad sam stigao, oni su već bili započeli sastanak.
    He had locked the door before he left.
    Zaključao je vrata prije nego što je otišao.
  • Često se koristi s before, after, when i by the time.
    By the time we got to the station, the train had left.
    Dok smo stigli do kolodvora, vlak je već otišao.
    After she had finished the task, she went for a walk.
    Nakon što je završila zadatak, otišla je u šetnju.
  • Često se koristi s riječima kao što su already, just i never.
    I had already seen that film before we watched it together.
    Već sam prije vidio taj film prije nego što smo ga zajedno gledali.
    She had never visited that city before her business trip.
    Nikada prije svog poslovnog putovanja nije posjetila taj grad.
  • Često se koristi s izrazima poput do 5 sati, do ponedjeljka ili do kraja tjedna kada govorimo o rezultatu prije nekog vremena u prošlosti.
    By Friday, we had finished the project.
    Do petka smo završili projekt.
    By the end of the day, she had answered all the emails.
    Do kraja dana odgovorila je na sve e-poruke.
  • Pluskvamperfekt se može koristiti za objašnjenje razloga ili posljedice u prošlosti.
    He was tired because he had worked all night.
    Bio je umoran jer je radio cijelu noć.
    They missed the flight because they had left home too late.
    Propustili su let jer su prekasno krenuli od kuće.

Past Perfect Nijekanje

  • Negacija se tvori s had not ili skraćenim oblikom hadn't.
    I hadn't finished the report before the manager arrived.
    Nisam završio izvještaj prije nego što je menadžer stigao.
    She hadn't seen the message before the meeting started.
    Nije vidjela poruku prije nego što je sastanak počeo.

Past Perfect Pitanja

U upitnim rečenicama had dolazi ispred subjekta.

Had + subject + V3?
Wh-word + had + subject + V3?

Had you finished the report before the deadline?
Jesi li završio izvještaj prije roka?
Had she left before you called?
Je li otišla prije nego što si nazvao?
Why had they cancelled the meeting?
Zašto su otkazali sastanak?
Where had he worked before he moved to London?
Gdje je radio prije nego što se preselio u London?

Past Perfect Tipične pogreške

❌ She had went home before I arrived.
✅ She had gone home before I arrived.
❌ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting had started.
✅ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting started.
❌ Did you had finished the task before lunch?
✅ Had you finished the task before lunch?
❌ I was tired because I worked all night.
✅ I was tired because I had worked all night.

Past Perfect Rečenice

By the time we arrived, the conference had already started.
Kad smo stigli, konferencija je već bila započela.
She had prepared everything before the guests came.
Pripremila je sve prije nego što su gosti došli.
I had saved the document before the computer crashed.
Spremio sam dokument prije nego što se računalo srušilo.
They had discussed the problem before they spoke to the manager.
Raspravili su problem prije nego što su razgovarali s menadžerom.
He had never used that software before he joined the team.
Nikada prije nije koristio taj softver prije nego što se pridružio timu.
We had booked the tickets before we chose the hotel.
Rezervirali smo karte prije nego što smo odabrali hotel.
She had already left when I got to the office.
Već je otišla kad sam stigao u ured.
They had finished dinner before the film started.
Završili su večeru prije nego što je film počeo.
I had written the email before I noticed the mistake.
Napisao sam e-poruku prije nego što sam primijetio pogrešku.
He had improved his English before he applied for the job.
Poboljšao je svoj engleski prije nego što se prijavio za posao.

Past Perfect Primjeri

I had completed the task before my manager asked about it.
Zadatak sam završio prije nego što me moj nadređeni pitao o njemu.
She had forgotten her password, so she couldn't log in.
Zaboravila je svoju lozinku, pa se nije mogla prijaviti.
They had already made a decision when we joined the meeting.
Već su donijeli odluku kada smo se pridružili sastanku.
We had seen that place once before we moved there.
Bili smo vidjeli to mjesto jednom prije nego što smo se tamo preselili.
He had checked the code carefully before he published the update.
Pažljivo je provjerio kod prije nego što je objavio ažuriranje.
I had never tried that kind of food before I went to Spain.
Nikada prije nisam probao tu vrstu hrane prije nego što sam otišao u Španjolsku.
She had printed the documents before the client arrived.
Ispisala je dokumente prije nego što je klijent stigao.
We had cleaned the apartment before our friends came over.
Očistili smo stan prije nego što su naši prijatelji došli.
He had read the instructions before he started the test.
Pročitao je upute prije nego što je započeo test.
They had moved to a new office before they hired more employees.
Preselili su se u novi ured prije nego što su zaposlili još zaposlenika.

Vježbe engleske gramatike dostupne u aplikaciji

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to