Past Perfect: meningar, övningar, tester och exempel

Past Perfect använder

Pluskvamperfekt används för att tala om en handling som inträffade före en annan handling eller tidpunkt i det förflutna.

She had left before I arrived.
Hon hade gått innan jag kom.

Past Perfect Form

Subject + had + V3.

I had finished the report before the meeting started.
Jag hade avslutat rapporten innan mötet började.
They had already gone home when we called.
De hade redan gått hem när vi ringde.

Past Perfect Regel

  • Pluskvamperfekt visar att en handling hände före en annan handling i det förflutna.
    When I arrived, they had already started the meeting.
    När jag kom hade de redan börjat mötet.
    He had locked the door before he left.
    Han hade låst dörren innan han gick.
  • Det används ofta med before, after, when och by the time.
    By the time we got to the station, the train had left.
    När vi kom till stationen hade tåget redan gått.
    After she had finished the task, she went for a walk.
    Efter att hon hade avslutat uppgiften gick hon ut på en promenad.
  • Det används ofta med ord som already, just och never.
    I had already seen that film before we watched it together.
    Jag hade redan sett den filmen innan vi såg den tillsammans.
    She had never visited that city before her business trip.
    Hon hade aldrig besökt den staden före sin affärsresa.
  • Det används ofta med uttryck som senast klockan 5, senast på måndag eller senast i slutet av veckan när vi talar om ett resultat före en tidpunkt i det förflutna.
    By Friday, we had finished the project.
    På fredagen hade vi avslutat projektet.
    By the end of the day, she had answered all the emails.
    Vid dagens slut hade hon besvarat alla mejlen.
  • Pluskvamperfekt kan användas för att förklara en orsak eller ett resultat i det förflutna.
    He was tired because he had worked all night.
    Han var trött eftersom han hade arbetat hela natten.
    They missed the flight because they had left home too late.
    De missade flyget eftersom de hade lämnat hemmet för sent.

Past Perfect Negation

  • Negation bildas med had not eller den korta formen hadn't.
    I hadn't finished the report before the manager arrived.
    Jag hade inte avslutat rapporten innan chefen kom.
    She hadn't seen the message before the meeting started.
    Hon hade inte sett meddelandet innan mötet började.

Past Perfect Frågor

I frågor kommer had före subjektet.

Had + subject + V3?
Wh-word + had + subject + V3?

Had you finished the report before the deadline?
Hade du avslutat rapporten före deadline?
Had she left before you called?
Hade hon gått innan du ringde?
Why had they cancelled the meeting?
Varför hade de ställt in mötet?
Where had he worked before he moved to London?
Var hade han arbetat innan han flyttade till London?

Past Perfect Vanliga misstag

❌ She had went home before I arrived.
✅ She had gone home before I arrived.
❌ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting had started.
✅ They hadn't finished the work before the meeting started.
❌ Did you had finished the task before lunch?
✅ Had you finished the task before lunch?
❌ I was tired because I worked all night.
✅ I was tired because I had worked all night.

Past Perfect Meningar

By the time we arrived, the conference had already started.
När vi kom fram hade konferensen redan börjat.
She had prepared everything before the guests came.
Hon hade förberett allt innan gästerna kom.
I had saved the document before the computer crashed.
Jag hade sparat dokumentet innan datorn kraschade.
They had discussed the problem before they spoke to the manager.
De hade diskuterat problemet innan de talade med chefen.
He had never used that software before he joined the team.
Han hade aldrig använt den programvaran innan han gick med i teamet.
We had booked the tickets before we chose the hotel.
Vi hade bokat biljetterna innan vi valde hotellet.
She had already left when I got to the office.
Hon hade redan gått när jag kom till kontoret.
They had finished dinner before the film started.
De hade ätit klart middagen innan filmen började.
I had written the email before I noticed the mistake.
Jag hade skrivit mejlet innan jag märkte misstaget.
He had improved his English before he applied for the job.
Han hade förbättrat sin engelska innan han sökte jobbet.

Past Perfect Exempel

I had completed the task before my manager asked about it.
Jag hade slutfört uppgiften innan min chef frågade om den.
She had forgotten her password, so she couldn't log in.
Hon hade glömt sitt lösenord, så hon kunde inte logga in.
They had already made a decision when we joined the meeting.
De hade redan fattat ett beslut när vi gick med i mötet.
We had seen that place once before we moved there.
Vi hade sett den platsen en gång tidigare innan vi flyttade dit.
He had checked the code carefully before he published the update.
Han hade granskat koden noggrant innan han publicerade uppdateringen.
I had never tried that kind of food before I went to Spain.
Jag hade aldrig provat den sortens mat innan jag åkte till Spanien.
She had printed the documents before the client arrived.
Hon hade skrivit ut dokumenten innan kunden kom.
We had cleaned the apartment before our friends came over.
Vi hade städat lägenheten innan våra vänner kom över.
He had read the instructions before he started the test.
Han hade läst instruktionerna innan han började provet.
They had moved to a new office before they hired more employees.
De hade flyttat till ett nytt kontor innan de anställde fler medarbetare.

Engelska grammatikövningar som finns tillgängliga i appen

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to