Demonstrative Pronouns: rečenice, vježbe, testovi i primjeri

Demonstrative Pronouns koristimo

Pokazne zamjenice su riječi this, that, these i those. One nam pomažu pokazati na osobu, stvar, skupinu stvari ili ideju: blizu ili daleko, jedninu ili množinu.

Do you like this picture?
Sviđa li ti se ova slika?
These flowers are for you.
Ovo cvijeće je za tebe.
Do you like that picture?
Sviđa li ti se ta slika?
Who are those people?
Tko su ti ljudi?
This is a nice hotel, but it is very expensive.
Ovo je lijep hotel, ali je vrlo skup.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Koje cipele više voliš — ove ili one?

Demonstrative Pronouns Oblik

Oblik ovisi o dvjema stvarima: jednina ili množina i blizu ili daleko. Ove riječi mogu stajati ispred imenice ili same, bez imenice.

Obrazac Broj Udaljenost / značenje Primjer
this jednina blizu, ovdje, sada This bag is mine.
these množina blizu, ovdje These books are new.
that jednina daleko, tamo, već rekao / dogodilo se That picture is beautiful.
those množina daleko, tamo Those people are my neighbours.

near + singular: this
near + plural: these
far + singular: that
far + plural: those

S imenicom i bez imenice

Vrsta Obrazac Primjer
ispred imenice this / that / these / those + noun Do you like this picture?
Those apples look nice.
bez imenice this / that / these / those alone This is my bag.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
This hotel is expensive, but it is very nice.
Ovaj hotel je skup, ali je vrlo lijep.
This is a nice hotel, but it is very expensive.
Ovo je lijep hotel, ali je vrlo skup.
Do you like these shoes? I bought them last week.
Sviđaju li ti se ove cipele? Kupio sam ih prošli tjedan.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Koje cipele više voliš — ove ili one?

Demonstrative Pronouns Pravilo

  • Koristi this i these za stvari koje su blizu govorniku: fizički blizu, na slici, u tvojim rukama ili u trenutačnoj situaciji.
    This phone is new.
    Ovaj telefon je nov.
    These flowers are for you.
    Ovo cvijeće je za tebe.
    Look at this photo.
    Pogledaj ovu fotografiju.
  • Koristite that i those za stvari koje su dalje od govornika: fizički udaljene, „ondje”, bliže slušatelju ili više nisu u sadašnjem trenutku.
    Do you like that picture?
    Sviđa li ti se ta slika?
    Who are those people?
    Tko su ti ljudi?
    That shop across the street is closed.
    Ta trgovina preko puta ulice je zatvorena.
  • Ovo i ono koriste se uz imenice u jednini. Mogu se koristiti i uz nebrojive imenice.

    this / that + singular noun
    this / that + uncountable noun

    This exercise is easy.
    Ova vježba je laka.
    That water tastes strange.
    Ta voda ima čudan okus.
    This music makes me happy.
    Ova glazba me čini sretnim.
  • Ovi i oni koriste se samo uz imenice u množini.

    these / those + plural noun

    These shoes are comfortable.
    Ove cipele su udobne.
    Those apples look nice. Can I have one?
    Te jabuke izgledaju lijepo. Mogu li dobiti jednu?
  • Kada se this / that / these / those upotrebljavaju bez imenice, zamjenjuju stvar, osobu ili ideju koja je jasna iz situacije.
    Come and look at this.
    Dođi i pogledaj ovo.
    Can I have one of these?
    Mogu li dobiti jedan od ovih?
    I do not like those. They are too expensive.
    Ne sviđaju mi se oni. Preskupi su.
  • To se često odnosi na nešto što se upravo dogodilo ili na ono što je netko upravo rekao.
    A: I am sorry I forgot to phone you.
    B: That's all right.
    That was a really nice meal. Thank you very much.
    To je bio stvarno ukusan obrok. Hvala vam puno.
    A: Martin has got a new job.
    B: Has he? I did not know that.
  • Na telefonu često koristimo Ovdje je... da kažemo tko govori i Jeste li to...? da pitamo tko je na liniji.
    Hi Sarah, this is David.
    Bok Sarah, ovdje David.
    Is that Sarah?
    Je li to Sarah?
  • Za predstavljanje ljudi upotrijebite Ovo je... za jednu osobu i Ovo su... za više osoba.
    Brian, this is Chris.
    Briane, ovo je Chris.
    These are my parents.
    Ovo su moji roditelji.
  • U vremenskim izrazima, this često znači trenutačno ili najbliže razdoblje: this morning, this week, this year. That može se odnositi na prošlost ili na već spomenuto vremensko razdoblje.
    I am very busy this week.
    Vrlo sam zauzet ovaj tjedan.
    We met in Paris in 2019. That year was unforgettable.
    Upoznali smo se u Parizu 2019. Te je godine bilo nezaboravno.

Demonstrative Pronouns Pitanja

U pitanjima uskladite this / that / these / those s glagolom be: koristite is za jedninu, a are za množinu.

Is + this / that + singular noun?
Are + these / those + plural noun?
What / Who + is + this / that?
What / Who + are + these / those?

Is this your bag?
Je li ovo tvoja torba?
Are these your keys?
Jesu li ovo tvoji ključevi?
Is that your brother over there?
Je li ono tamo tvoj brat?
Are those your books?
Jesu li to tvoje knjige?
What is this?
Što je ovo?
Who is that?
Tko je to?
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Koje cipele više voliš — ove ili one?
Do you like this picture?
Sviđa li ti se ova slika?

Demonstrative Pronouns Tipične pogreške

Uobičajene pogreške obično su povezane s brojem: this / that ne mogu se upotrebljavati s imenicama u množini, a these / those trebaju glagol are.

❌ This are my books.
✅ These are my books.
❌ This is new shoes.
✅ These are new shoes.
❌ Those is their bags.
✅ Those are their bags.
❌ That people are very friendly.
✅ Those people are very friendly.
❌ I like this apples.
✅ I like these apples.
❌ These is my friend.
✅ This is my friend.
❌ What are this?
✅ What is this?
❌ Are that your keys?
✅ Are those your keys?
❌ This are my parents.
✅ These are my parents.
❌ I like those car.
✅ I like that car.
✅ I like those cars.

Demonstrative Pronouns Rečenice

This is my notebook.
Ovo je moja bilježnica.
This picture is very old.
Ova slika je vrlo stara.
This water is cold.
Ova voda je hladna.
These are my favourite shoes.
Ovo su moje omiljene cipele.
These flowers are for my teacher.
Ovo cvijeće je za moju učiteljicu.
That is my school over there.
To je moja škola ondje.
That picture on the wall is beautiful.
Ta slika na zidu je prekrasna.
Those people are waiting for the bus.
Ti ljudi čekaju autobus.
Those apples look delicious.
Te jabuke izgledaju ukusno.
I bought these shoes last week.
Kupio sam ove cipele prošli tjedan.
Can you pass me that book, please?
Možeš li mi dodati onu knjigu, molim te?
I am sorry about that.
Žao mi je zbog toga.
That was a really nice meal.
To je bio stvarno ukusan obrok.
Hi, this is Anna speaking.
Bok, ovdje govori Anna.
These are my classmates.
Ovo su moji razredni kolege.

Demonstrative Pronouns Primjeri

A: Do you like this picture?
B: Yes, I do. This is my favourite picture in the room.
A: Are these your books?
B: Yes, they are. These books are for my English class.
A: Who is that?
B: That is my neighbour.
A: Who are those people?
B: Those are my cousins from Canada.
A: Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
B: I prefer these. They are more comfortable.
A: I am going on holiday next week.
B: Oh, that's nice!
A: Hi Sarah, this is David.
B: Hi David. Nice to hear from you.
A: Brian, this is Chris.
B: Hello, Chris — nice to meet you.
This week I am busy, but next week I will have more free time.
Ovaj tjedan sam zauzet, ali sljedeći tjedan imat ću više slobodnog vremena.
We watched a film yesterday. That film was very funny.
Jučer smo gledali film. Taj film bio je vrlo smiješan.

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Vježbe engleske gramatike dostupne u aplikaciji

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural