Demonstrative Pronouns: lauseid, harjutusi, teste ja näiteid

Demonstrative Pronouns kasutame

Osutavad asesõnad on sõnad this, that, these ja those. Need aitavad meil osutada inimesele, asjale, asjade rühmale või ideele: lähedal või kaugel, ainsuses või mitmuses.

Do you like this picture?
Kas sulle meeldib see pilt?
These flowers are for you.
Need lilled on sulle.
Do you like that picture?
Kas sulle meeldib see pilt?
Who are those people?
Kes need inimesed on?
This is a nice hotel, but it is very expensive.
See on kena hotell, kuid see on väga kallis.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Milliseid kingi sa eelistad — neid või neid teisi?

Demonstrative Pronouns Vorm

Vorm sõltub kahest asjast: ainsus või mitmus ja lähedal või kaugel. Need sõnad võivad tulla nimisõna ette või seista iseseisvalt, ilma nimisõnata.

Vorm Arv Kaugus / tähendus Näide
this ainsus lähedal, siin, nüüd This bag is mine.
these mitmus} lähedal, siin These books are new.
that ainsus kaugel, seal, juba öeldud / juhtunud That picture is beautiful.
those mitmus} kaugel, seal Those people are my neighbours.

near + singular: this
near + plural: these
far + singular: that
far + plural: those

Nimisõnaga ja ilma nimisõnata

Tüüp Vorm Näide
enne nimisõna this / that / these / those + noun Do you like this picture?
Those apples look nice.
ilma nimisõnata this / that / these / those alone This is my bag.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
This hotel is expensive, but it is very nice.
See hotell on kallis, kuid see on väga kena.
This is a nice hotel, but it is very expensive.
See on kena hotell, kuid see on väga kallis.
Do you like these shoes? I bought them last week.
Kas sulle meeldivad need kingad? Ma ostsin need eelmisel nädalal.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Milliseid kingi sa eelistad — neid või neid teisi?

Demonstrative Pronouns Reegel

  • Kasuta sõnu this ja these asjade kohta, mis on kõnelejale lähedal: füüsiliselt lähedal, pildil, sinu käes või praeguses olukorras.
    This phone is new.
    See telefon on uus.
    These flowers are for you.
    Need lilled on sulle.
    Look at this photo.
    Vaata seda fotot.
  • Kasuta seda ja neid asjade jaoks, mis on kõnelejast kaugemal: füüsiliselt kaugel, „seal”, kuulajale lähemal või mitte enam käesolevas hetkes.
    Do you like that picture?
    Kas sulle meeldib see pilt?
    Who are those people?
    Kes need inimesed on?
    That shop across the street is closed.
    See pood teisel pool tänavat on suletud.
  • See ja too kasutatakse ainsuslike nimisõnadega. Neid võib kasutada ka loendamatute nimisõnadega.

    this / that + singular noun
    this / that + uncountable noun

    This exercise is easy.
    See harjutus on lihtne.
    That water tastes strange.
    See vesi maitseb imelikult.
    This music makes me happy.
    See muusika teeb mind õnnelikuks.
  • Neid ja neid kasutatakse ainult mitmuse nimisõnadega.

    these / those + plural noun

    These shoes are comfortable.
    Need kingad on mugavad.
    Those apples look nice. Can I have one?
    Need õunad näevad kenad välja. Kas ma võin ühe saada?
  • Kui this / that / these / those kasutatakse ilma nimisõnata, asendavad need eset, inimest või ideed, mis on olukorrast selge.
    Come and look at this.
    Tule ja vaata seda.
    Can I have one of these?
    Kas ma võin ühe neist saada?
    I do not like those. They are too expensive.
    Mulle ei meeldi need. Need on liiga kallid.
  • See viitab sageli millelegi, mis on just juhtunud, või sellele, mida keegi on just öelnud.
    A: I am sorry I forgot to phone you.
    B: That's all right.
    That was a really nice meal. Thank you very much.
    See oli tõesti väga maitsev söök. Suur tänu.
    A: Martin has got a new job.
    B: Has he? I did not know that.
  • Telefonis kasutame sageli This is..., et öelda, kes räägib, ja Is that...?, et küsida, kes on liinil.
    Hi Sarah, this is David.
    Tere Sarah, siin David.
    Is that Sarah?
    Kas see on Sarah?
  • Inimeste tutvustamiseks kasuta ühe inimese puhul See on... ja mitme inimese puhul Need on....
    Brian, this is Chris.
    Brian, siin on Chris.
    These are my parents.
    Need on minu vanemad.
  • Ajaväljendites tähendab this sageli käesolevat või lähimat ajavahemikku: this morning, this week, this year. That võib viidata minevikule või juba mainitud ajavahemikule.
    I am very busy this week.
    Mul on sel nädalal väga kiire.
    We met in Paris in 2019. That year was unforgettable.
    Kohtusime 2019. aastal Pariisis. See aasta oli unustamatu.

Demonstrative Pronouns Küsimused

Küsimustes ühenda this / that / these / those tegusõnaga be: ainsuse puhul kasuta is ja mitmuse puhul are.

Is + this / that + singular noun?
Are + these / those + plural noun?
What / Who + is + this / that?
What / Who + are + these / those?

Is this your bag?
Kas see on sinu kott?
Are these your keys?
Kas need on sinu võtmed?
Is that your brother over there?
Kas see seal on sinu vend?
Are those your books?
Kas need on sinu raamatud?
What is this?
Mis see on?
Who is that?
Kes see on?
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Milliseid kingi sa eelistad — neid või neid teisi?
Do you like this picture?
Kas sulle meeldib see pilt?

Demonstrative Pronouns Tüüpilised vead

Levinud vead on tavaliselt seotud arvuga: this / that ei saa kasutada mitmuses nimisõnadega ning these / those vajavad verbi are.

❌ This are my books.
✅ These are my books.
❌ This is new shoes.
✅ These are new shoes.
❌ Those is their bags.
✅ Those are their bags.
❌ That people are very friendly.
✅ Those people are very friendly.
❌ I like this apples.
✅ I like these apples.
❌ These is my friend.
✅ This is my friend.
❌ What are this?
✅ What is this?
❌ Are that your keys?
✅ Are those your keys?
❌ This are my parents.
✅ These are my parents.
❌ I like those car.
✅ I like that car.
✅ I like those cars.

Demonstrative Pronouns Lausete

This is my notebook.
See on minu märkmik.
This picture is very old.
See pilt on väga vana.
This water is cold.
See vesi on külm.
These are my favourite shoes.
Need on mu lemmikkingad.
These flowers are for my teacher.
Need lilled on minu õpetajale.
That is my school over there.
See on minu kool seal.
That picture on the wall is beautiful.
See pilt seinal on ilus.
Those people are waiting for the bus.
Need inimesed ootavad bussi.
Those apples look delicious.
Need õunad näevad maitsvad välja.
I bought these shoes last week.
Ostsin need kingad eelmisel nädalal.
Can you pass me that book, please?
Kas sa saaksid mulle selle raamatu ulatada, palun?
I am sorry about that.
Mul on sellest kahju.
That was a really nice meal.
See oli tõesti väga hea söök.
Hi, this is Anna speaking.
Tere, siin räägib Anna.
These are my classmates.
Need on minu klassikaaslased.

Demonstrative Pronouns Näited

A: Do you like this picture?
B: Yes, I do. This is my favourite picture in the room.
A: Are these your books?
B: Yes, they are. These books are for my English class.
A: Who is that?
B: That is my neighbour.
A: Who are those people?
B: Those are my cousins from Canada.
A: Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
B: I prefer these. They are more comfortable.
A: I am going on holiday next week.
B: Oh, that's nice!
A: Hi Sarah, this is David.
B: Hi David. Nice to hear from you.
A: Brian, this is Chris.
B: Hello, Chris — nice to meet you.
This week I am busy, but next week I will have more free time.
Sel nädalal olen hõivatud, aga järgmisel nädalal on mul rohkem vaba aega.
We watched a film yesterday. That film was very funny.
Me vaatasime eile üht filmi. See film oli väga naljakas.

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Nõuanne

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Rakenduses saadaval olevad inglise keele grammatika harjutused

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural