Demonstrative Pronouns: abairtí, cleachtaí, tástálacha agus samplaí

Demonstrative Pronouns úsáidimid

Is iad Forainmneacha Taispeánacha na focail seo, sin, iad seo, agus iad sin. Cabhraíonn siad linn duine, rud, grúpa rudaí, nó smaoineamh a chur in iúl: cóngarach nó i bhfad i gcéin, uatha nó iolra.

Do you like this picture?
An maith leat an pictiúr seo?
These flowers are for you.
Tá na bláthanna seo duit.
Do you like that picture?
An maith leat an pictiúr sin?
Who are those people?
Cé hiad na daoine sin?
This is a nice hotel, but it is very expensive.
Is óstán deas é seo, ach tá sé an-daor.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Cé na bróga is fearr leat — iad seo nó iad siúd?

Demonstrative Pronouns Fhoirm

Braitheann an fhoirm ar dhá rud: uatha nó iolra agus gar nó i bhfad. Is féidir leis na focail seo teacht roimh ainmfhocal nó seasamh ina n-aonar, gan ainmfhocal.

Foirm Uimhir Fad / brí Sampla
this uatha gar, anseo, anois This bag is mine.
these iolra gar, anseo These books are new.
that uatha i bhfad i gcéin, ansiúd, ráite / tar éis tarlú cheana féin That picture is beautiful.
those iolra i bhfad i gcéin, ansiúd Those people are my neighbours.

near + singular: this
near + plural: these
far + singular: that
far + plural: those

Le hainmfhocal agus gan ainmfhocal

Cineál Foirm Sampla
roimh ainmfhocal this / that / these / those + noun Do you like this picture?
Those apples look nice.
gan ainmfhocal this / that / these / those alone This is my bag.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
This hotel is expensive, but it is very nice.
Tá an t-óstán seo daor, ach tá sé an-deas.
This is a nice hotel, but it is very expensive.
Is óstán deas é seo, ach tá sé an-daor.
Do you like these shoes? I bought them last week.
An maith leat na bróga seo? Cheannaigh mé iad an tseachtain seo caite.
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Cé na bróga is fearr leat — iad seo nó iad siúd?

Demonstrative Pronouns Riail

  • Úsáid this agus these le haghaidh rudaí atá gar don chainteoir: gar go fisiciúil, i bpictiúr, i do lámha, nó sa chás reatha.
    This phone is new.
    Tá an fón seo nua.
    These flowers are for you.
    Tá na bláthanna seo duit.
    Look at this photo.
    Féach ar an ngrianghraf seo.
  • Bain úsáid as that agus those le haghaidh rudaí atá níos faide ón gcainteoir: i bhfad uaidh go fisiciúil, “thall ansin”, níos gaire don éisteoir, nó nach bhfuil sa láthair a thuilleadh.
    Do you like that picture?
    An maith leat an pictiúr sin?
    Who are those people?
    Cé hiad na daoine sin?
    That shop across the street is closed.
    Tá an siopa sin trasna na sráide dúnta.
  • Úsáidtear seo agus siúd le hainmfhocail uatha. Is féidir iad a úsáid freisin le hainmfhocail neamháirithe.

    this / that + singular noun
    this / that + uncountable noun

    This exercise is easy.
    Tá an cleachtadh seo éasca.
    That water tastes strange.
    Tá blas aisteach ar an uisce sin.
    This music makes me happy.
    Cuireann an ceol seo áthas orm.
  • Úsáidtear iad seo agus iad siúd ach amháin le hainmfhocail iolra.

    these / those + plural noun

    These shoes are comfortable.
    Tá na bróga seo compordach.
    Those apples look nice. Can I have one?
    Tá cuma dheas ar na húlla sin. An bhfuil cead agam ceann a fháil?
  • Nuair a úsáidtear seo / sin / iad seo / iad sin gan ainmfhocal, tagann siad in ionad ruda, duine nó smaoineamh atá soiléir ón gcomhthéacs.
    Come and look at this.
    Tar agus féach air seo.
    Can I have one of these?
    An féidir liom ceann díobh seo a bheith agam?
    I do not like those. They are too expensive.
    Ní maith liom iad sin. Tá siad róchostasach.
  • Tagraíonn sin go minic do rud atá díreach tar éis tarlú nó don rud atá díreach ráite ag duine.
    A: I am sorry I forgot to phone you.
    B: That's all right.
    That was a really nice meal. Thank you very much.
    Bhí sin ina bhéile an-bhlasta. Go raibh míle maith agat.
    A: Martin has got a new job.
    B: Has he? I did not know that.
  • Ar an teileafón, is minic a úsáidimid Seo é/í... chun a rá cé atá ag labhairt agus An é/í sin...? chun fiafraí cé atá ar an líne.
    Hi Sarah, this is David.
    Haigh Sarah, is mise David.
    Is that Sarah?
    An í sin Sarah?
  • Chun daoine a chur in aithne, úsáid Seo é/í... do dhuine amháin agus Seo iad... do roinnt daoine.
    Brian, this is Chris.
    A Bhriain, seo é Chris.
    These are my parents.
    Seo iad mo thuismitheoirí.
  • I nathanna ama, is minic a chiallaíonn this an tréimhse reatha nó is gaire: an mhaidin seo, an tseachtain seo, an bhliain seo. Is féidir le that tagairt a dhéanamh don am atá caite nó do thréimhse ama atá luaite cheana.
    I am very busy this week.
    Táim an-ghnóthach an tseachtain seo.
    We met in Paris in 2019. That year was unforgettable.
    Bhíomar le chéile i bPáras in 2019. Bliain dho-dhearmadta a bhí inti.

Demonstrative Pronouns Ceisteanna

I gceisteanna, meaitseáil this / that / these / those leis an mbriathar be: úsáid is don uatha agus are don iolra.

Is + this / that + singular noun?
Are + these / those + plural noun?
What / Who + is + this / that?
What / Who + are + these / those?

Is this your bag?
An é seo do mhála?
Are these your keys?
An iad seo do chuid eochracha?
Is that your brother over there?
An é sin do dheartháir thall ansin?
Are those your books?
An leatsa na leabhair sin?
What is this?
Cad é seo?
Who is that?
Cé hé sin?
Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
Cé na bróga is fearr leat — iad seo nó iad siúd?
Do you like this picture?
An maith leat an pictiúr seo?

Demonstrative Pronouns Botúin choitianta

Is iondúil go mbíonn botúin choitianta bainteach leis an uimhir: ní féidir this / that a úsáid le hainmfhocail iolra, agus teastaíonn an briathar are ó these / those.

❌ This are my books.
✅ These are my books.
❌ This is new shoes.
✅ These are new shoes.
❌ Those is their bags.
✅ Those are their bags.
❌ That people are very friendly.
✅ Those people are very friendly.
❌ I like this apples.
✅ I like these apples.
❌ These is my friend.
✅ This is my friend.
❌ What are this?
✅ What is this?
❌ Are that your keys?
✅ Are those your keys?
❌ This are my parents.
✅ These are my parents.
❌ I like those car.
✅ I like that car.
✅ I like those cars.

Demonstrative Pronouns Abairtí

This is my notebook.
Seo é mo leabhar nótaí.
This picture is very old.
Tá an pictiúr seo an-sean.
This water is cold.
Tá an t-uisce seo fuar.
These are my favourite shoes.
Seo iad na bróga is ansa liom.
These flowers are for my teacher.
Tá na bláthanna seo do mo mhúinteoir.
That is my school over there.
Sin í mo scoil thall ansin.
That picture on the wall is beautiful.
Tá an pictiúr sin ar an mballa go hálainn.
Those people are waiting for the bus.
Tá na daoine sin ag fanacht leis an mbus.
Those apples look delicious.
Tá cuma blasta ar na húlla sin.
I bought these shoes last week.
Cheannaigh mé na bróga seo an tseachtain seo caite.
Can you pass me that book, please?
An bhféadfá an leabhar sin a thabhairt dom, le do thoil?
I am sorry about that.
Tá brón orm faoi sin.
That was a really nice meal.
Béile an-bhlasta a bhí ann.
Hi, this is Anna speaking.
Dia dhuit, is í Anna atá ag caint.
These are my classmates.
Is iad seo mo chomhscoláirí.

Demonstrative Pronouns Samplaí

A: Do you like this picture?
B: Yes, I do. This is my favourite picture in the room.
A: Are these your books?
B: Yes, they are. These books are for my English class.
A: Who is that?
B: That is my neighbour.
A: Who are those people?
B: Those are my cousins from Canada.
A: Which shoes do you prefer — these or those?
B: I prefer these. They are more comfortable.
A: I am going on holiday next week.
B: Oh, that's nice!
A: Hi Sarah, this is David.
B: Hi David. Nice to hear from you.
A: Brian, this is Chris.
B: Hello, Chris — nice to meet you.
This week I am busy, but next week I will have more free time.
An tseachtain seo táim gnóthach, ach an tseachtain seo chugainn beidh níos mó ama saor agam.
We watched a film yesterday. That film was very funny.
D'fhéachamar ar scannán inné. Bhí an scannán sin an-ghreannmhar.

Cleacht anois féin

Neartaigh an riail i gcleachtas. Ní thógann sé ach 30 soicind.

Seiceálann IS freagraí agus míníonn sí botúin
Cleachtadh fuaimnithe
Na mílte cleachtadh ar rialacha éagsúla
Cleachtadh 1 as 5
Demonstrative Pronouns
Download on the App Store Get it on Google Play
Leid

Úsáid an cleachtadh seo le seiceáil an féidir leat Forainmneacha Taispeánacha a úsáid i bhfíor-abairt.

Cleachtaí gramadaí Béarla atá ar fáil san aip

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural