Singular and Plural Nouns: abairtí, cleachtaí, tástálacha agus samplaí

Singular and Plural Nouns úsáidimid

Is í uatha foirm ainmfhocail nuair a labhraímid faoi dhuine amháin, rud amháin, nó smaoineamh amháin: leabhar, úll.
Is í iolra an fhoirm a úsáidimid nuair atá beirt nó níos mó ann: leabhair, úlla.
Cabhraíonn an topaic seo leat foirm cheart an ainmfhocail a úsáid, focail ar nós a/an a roghnú, foirmeacha iolra a dhéanamh, agus focail ar nós this / that / these / those, it / they, agus is / are a mheaitseáil.

It is a dictionary.
Is foclóir é.
This is a pen, and these are pens.
Seo peann, agus seo pinn.

Singular and Plural Nouns Fhoirm

Bíonn foirm uatha agus foirm iolra ag formhór na n-ainmfhocal inchomhaireamhtha. De ghnáth, ní féidir le hainmfhocal inchomhaireamhtha san uatha seasamh leis féin gan focal roimhe: is minic gur a/an é sin, ach d’fhéadfadh sé a bheith ina the, this, that, my, nó focail chosúla freisin. De ghnáth, cruthaítear an fhoirm iolra le -s nó -es, ach tá iolraí neamhrialta ag roinnt ainmfhocal.

Singular: a pen, an apple, this book, that phone, my bag, it is ...
Plural: pens, apples, these books, those phones, my bags, they are ...

✅ It is a box.
✅ They are boxes.
✅ That is an old man.
✅ Those are old men.

Singular and Plural Nouns Riail

  • Is gnách go mbíonn focal roimh ainmfhocal uatha inchomhaireamh. Is minic gurb é a/an é seo, ach d’fhéadfadh sé a bheith ina the, this, that, my, agus focail eile dá samhail freisin. Úsáidimid a de ghnáth roimh fhuaim chonsain agus an roimh fhuaim ghuta.
    ✅ a pen
    ✅ a river
    ✅ an apple
    ✅ an elephant
    ✅ this book
    ✅ my phone
  • Chun ainmfhocal a dhéanamh iolra, de ghnáth cuirimid -s leis.
    ✅ book → books
    ✅ dog → dogs
    ✅ phone → phones
  • Má chríochnaíonn ainmfhocal le -ch, -sh, -s, -ss, -x, is gnách go gcuirimid -es leis.
    ✅ watch → watches
    ✅ dish → dishes
    ✅ bus → buses
    ✅ box → boxes
  • Má chríochnaíonn ainmfhocal le consan + y, is gnách go n-athraíonn y go ies. Má tá guta roimh y, de ghnáth ní chuirimid ach -s leis.
    ✅ country → countries
    ✅ baby → babies
    ✅ boy → boys
    ✅ day → days
  • Déanann roinnt ainmfhocal a chríochnaíonn le -f nó -fe an t-iolra le -ves.
    ✅ leaf → leaves
    ✅ wife → wives
    ✅ knife → knives
  • Úsáidimid this / that le hainmfhocail uatha agus these / those le hainmfhocail iolra. Caithfidh an briathar a bheith ag teacht leo freisin: is leis an uatha agus are leis an iolra.
    ✅ This is a pen.
    ✅ That is a phone.
    ✅ These are pens.
    ✅ Those are phones.
  • Tá foirm iolra neamhrialta ag roinnt ainmfhocal, mar sin caithfidh tú iad a fhoghlaim.
    ✅ man → men
    ✅ woman → women
    ✅ child → children
    ✅ person → people

Singular and Plural Nouns Botúin choitianta

Botúin choitianta: an focal a fhágáil ar lár roimh ainmfhocal uatha inchomhaireamh, an iolra a fhoirmiú go mícheart, agus this / these, that / those, agus is / are a mheascadh suas.

❌ Barcelona is big city.
✅ Barcelona is a big city.
❌ It is an box.
✅ It is a box.
❌ They are watchs.
✅ They are watches.
❌ Two countrys.
✅ Two countries.
❌ Two leafs.
✅ Two leaves.
❌ These is my book.
✅ This is my book.
❌ Those is phones.
✅ Those are phones.

Singular and Plural Nouns Abairtí

This is an interesting story.
Scéal suimiúil é seo.
They are my emails.
Is iad mo chuid ríomhphost iad.
Those are new boxes.
Is boscaí nua iad sin.
I can see a church and two buses.
Feicim séipéal agus dhá bhus.
The boy has a toy, and the girls have toys.
Tá bréagán ag an mbuachaill, agus tá bréagáin ag na cailíní.
There is a child in the room, and there are three children outside.
Tá páiste sa seomra, agus tá triúr páistí amuigh.

Singular and Plural Nouns Samplaí

There is a book on the table and two notebooks in the bag.
Tá leabhar ar an mbord agus dhá chóipleabhar sa mhála.
She has a child, and her sister has three children.
Tá páiste aici, agus tá triúr páistí ag a deirfiúr.
I saw a man near the door and two women in the hall.
Chonaic mé fear in aice leis an doras agus beirt bhan sa halla.
He adopted a dog and later rescued two cats.
Ghlac sé madra chuige agus níos déanaí tharrtháil sé dhá chat.
We picked a flower and bought some roses.
Phiocamar bláth agus cheannaíomar roinnt rósanna.
She found a key under the sofa and three coins in the drawer.
D'aimsigh sí eochair faoin tolg agus trí bhonn sa tarraiceán.
There was a bus at the stop and many cars on the road.
Bhí bus ag an stad agus go leor carranna ar an mbóthar.
He wore a watch and carried two bags.
Chaith sé uaireadóir agus d'iompair sé dhá mhála.
I heard a strange noise and then several loud sounds.
Chuala mé fuaim aisteach agus ansin roinnt fuaimeanna arda.
They visited a museum and later explored old buildings.
Thug siad cuairt ar mhúsaem agus níos déanaí rinne siad iniúchadh ar sheanfhoirgnimh.

Cleachtaí gramadaí Béarla atá ar fáil san aip

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural