Countable and Uncountable: oraciones, ejercicios, pruebas y ejemplos

Countable and Uncountable Nouns usamos

Los sustantivos contables son sustantivos que podemos contar uno por uno: una manzana, dos libros. Los sustantivos incontables son sustantivos que normalmente se consideran una masa, sustancia, material, idea abstracta o conjunto colectivo: agua, arroz, muebles, información, consejo. Este tema te ayuda a elegir correctamente a/an, the, some, any, many, much, a few, a little y la forma verbal correcta.

I have an apple and some cheese.
Tengo una manzana y un poco de queso.
There are some books on the desk, but there isn’t much space.
Hay algunos libros sobre el escritorio, pero no hay mucho espacio.
I have an idea, but I still need some advice.
Tengo una idea, pero todavía necesito algunos consejos.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Forma

Los sustantivos contables tienen formas singulares y plurales. Los sustantivos incontables no suelen tener forma plural, no se usan con a/an y normalmente llevan un verbo en singular.

Countable: a book → books / an apple → apples
Uncountable: milk, rice, money, information, furniture, advice

✅ I bought a book.
✅ I bought two books.
✅ There is some milk in the fridge.
✅ This information is useful.
an information
advices
furnitures

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Regla

  • Antes de un sustantivo contable singular, normalmente necesitamos un determinante: por ejemplo, un artículo (a/an/the), un posesivo (my, your, his, her, our, their), un demostrativo (this, that) u otro determinante.
    ✅ I need a chair.
    The chair by the window is broken.
    My phone is in the bag.
    ❌ I need chair.
  • Con sustantivos en plural y sustantivos incontables, no usamos a/an. Cuando hablamos en general, el sustantivo se usa a menudo sin artículo. Cuando nos referimos a algo específico, a menudo usamos the.
    Cars are expensive. (= cars in general)
    The cars outside are ours. (= specific cars)
    ✅ I drink coffee. (= coffee in general)
    The coffee on the table is cold. (= specific coffee)
  • No solemos usar a/an con sustantivos incontables. Normalmente llevan un verbo en singular.
    Money is important.
    Research takes time.
    ✅ The news is good.
  • Some se usa normalmente en oraciones afirmativas, y any es más común en preguntas y negaciones. Pero también podemos usar some en preguntas cuando ofrecemos, pedimos algo o esperamos que la respuesta sea «sí».
    ✅ I bought some apples.
    ✅ We need some sugar.
    ✅ Do you have any apples?
    ✅ Is there any sugar?
    ✅ Would you like some tea?
    ✅ Can I have some water?
  • Usa many / a few / few con sustantivos contables, y much / a little / little con sustantivos incontables. En las oraciones afirmativas corrientes, a lot of / lots of suele sonar más natural que many / much.
    ✅ There are many people here.
    ✅ I have a few ideas. (= some, enough)
    ✅ I have few ideas. (= not many, not enough)
    ✅ There isn’t much time.
    ✅ Add a little salt. (= some, enough)
    ✅ We have little money left. (= not enough)
    ✅ She has a lot of friends.
    ✅ We did a lot of work.
  • Para preguntar por la cantidad, usa How many...? con sustantivos contables y How much...? con sustantivos incontables.
    How many books do you have?
    How much water do we need?
  • Para “contar” un sustantivo incontable, usa una unidad, un recipiente o una expresión hecha: un pedazo de, un poco de, una botella de, una taza de, una barra de, una rebanada de.
    a piece of advice
    two pieces of news
    a loaf of bread
    three cups of coffee
    two bottles of water
  • Algunas palabras que pueden ser contables en otros idiomas suelen ser incontables en inglés: advice, information, furniture, luggage, news, research, homework, equipment, traffic, progress, knowledge.
    ✅ some information
    ✅ a piece of advice
    ✅ some news
    ✅ a lot of equipment
    informations
    advices
  • Algunos sustantivos pueden ser tanto contables como incontables. El significado cambia según el contexto.
    ✅ I don’t drink much coffee. (= the drink in general)
    ✅ We’d like two coffees. (= two cups)
    ✅ I’d like some cake. (= cake as food)
    ✅ She baked two cakes. (= two whole cakes)
    ✅ She has long hair. (= hair in general)
    ✅ There is a hair in my soup. (= one strand)
    ✅ I don’t have much free time this week. (= time in general)
    ✅ I go to the gym three times a week. (= number of times)
    ✅ I need some paper. (= material to write on)
    ✅ I bought a paper. (= a newspaper/document)
    ✅ I saw some glass near the window. (= material / broken glass)
    ✅ Can I have a glass of juice? (= a drinking container)
    ✅ There isn’t much room in the car. (= space)
    ✅ There are five rooms in this house. (= parts of a house)
    ✅ I had trouble finding work. (= employment)
    ✅ There are many works of art here. (= creations)
  • Algunos sustantivos parecen sustantivos plurales y normalmente se usan solo en esa forma: pantalones, tijeras, gafas, binoculares. Para contarlos, a menudo usamos un par de.
    ✅ My trousers are too long.
    ✅ These scissors are sharp.
    ✅ I bought a pair of trousers.
    ✅ She needs two pairs of glasses.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Errores comunes

Errores comunes: dejar un sustantivo contable singular sin una palabra delante, usar a/an con un sustantivo incontable, poner un sustantivo incontable en plural, elegir la palabra de cantidad incorrecta o confundir el significado general y el específico.

❌ I need chair.
✅ I need a chair.
❌ She gave me an advice.
✅ She gave me some advice.
✅ She gave me a piece of advice.
❌ I need many information.
✅ I need a lot of information.
❌ There are much cars on the street.
✅ There are many cars on the street.
❌ We bought two breads.
✅ We bought two loaves of bread.
❌ Room needs furniture.
The room needs some furniture.
The coffee is popular around the world. (if you mean coffee in general)
Coffee is popular around the world.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Oraciones

There are a few apples on the table.
Hay algunas manzanas sobre la mesa.
We don’t have much time.
No tenemos mucho tiempo.
She gave me some useful advice.
Ella me dio algunos consejos útiles.
How much money do you need?
¿Cuánto dinero necesitas?
How many books have you got?
¿Cuántos libros tienes?
I’d like a cup of tea and two sandwiches.
Me gustaría una taza de té y dos sándwiches.
Would you like some coffee?
¿Te gustaría un poco de café?
We bought a loaf of bread and some cheese.
Compramos una barra de pan y algo de queso.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Ejemplos

We bought a loaf of bread and some cheese.
Compramos una barra de pan y algo de queso.
She gave me an apple and some juice.
Ella me dio una manzana y un poco de jugo.
I need a chair and some furniture for my room.
Necesito una silla y algunos muebles para mi habitación.
He wrote an email and gave us some useful information.
Escribió un correo electrónico y nos dio información útil.
They planted a tree but did not have much water.
Plantaron un árbol, pero no tenían mucha agua.
We saw a bird near the lake and enjoyed the fresh air.
Vimos un pájaro cerca del lago y disfrutamos del aire fresco.
She bought a dress and some new clothing for the trip.
Compró un vestido y algo de ropa nueva para el viaje.
I have a question, but I do not have enough time.
Tengo una pregunta, pero no tengo suficiente tiempo.
He ordered a coffee and some cake at the café.
Pidió un café y un poco de pastel en la cafetería.
We took a photo and got some advice from the guide.
Tomamos una foto y recibimos algunos consejos del guía.

Ejercicios de gramática inglesa disponibles en la aplicación

Tenses

Conditionals

Sentences

Verbs

Nouns and Articles