Countable and Uncountable: teikumi, vingrinājumi, testi un piemēri

Countable and Uncountable Nouns izmantojam

Skaitāmie lietvārdi ir lietvārdi, kurus varam skaitīt pa vienam: viens ābols, divas grāmatas. Neskaitāmie lietvārdi ir lietvārdi, kurus parasti uztver kā masu, vielu, materiālu, abstraktu ideju vai kopumu: ūdens, rīsi, mēbeles, informācija, padoms. Šī tēma palīdz izvēlēties pareizo a/an, the, some, any, many, much, a few, a little un pareizo darbības vārda formu.

I have an apple and some cheese.
Man ir ābols un nedaudz siera.
There are some books on the desk, but there isn’t much space.
Uz rakstāmgalda ir dažas grāmatas, bet tur nav daudz vietas.
I have an idea, but I still need some advice.
Man ir ideja, bet man joprojām ir vajadzīgs neliels padoms.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Forma

Skaitāmiem lietvārdiem ir vienskaitļa un daudzskaitļa formas. Neskaitāmiem lietvārdiem parasti nav daudzskaitļa formas, tos nelieto ar a/an, un tie parasti saskaņojas ar vienskaitļa darbības vārdu.

Countable: a book → books / an apple → apples
Uncountable: milk, rice, money, information, furniture, advice

✅ I bought a book.
✅ I bought two books.
✅ There is some milk in the fridge.
✅ This information is useful.
an information
advices
furnitures

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Noteikums

  • Pirms vienskaitļa skaitāma lietvārda mums parasti ir vajadzīgs noteicējs: piemēram, artikuls (a/an/the), piederības vietniekvārds (my, your, his, her, our, their), norādāmais vietniekvārds (this, that) vai cits noteicējs.
    ✅ I need a chair.
    The chair by the window is broken.
    My phone is in the bag.
    ❌ I need chair.
  • Ar daudzskaitļa lietvārdiem un neskaitāmiem lietvārdiem mēs nelietojam a/an. Kad runājam vispārīgi, lietvārdu bieži lieto bez artikula. Kad domājam kaut ko konkrētu, mēs bieži lietojam the.
    Cars are expensive. (= cars in general)
    The cars outside are ours. (= specific cars)
    ✅ I drink coffee. (= coffee in general)
    The coffee on the table is cold. (= specific coffee)
  • Mēs parasti nelietojam a/an ar neskaitāmiem lietvārdiem. Parasti tiem ir vienskaitļa darbības vārds.
    Money is important.
    Research takes time.
    ✅ The news is good.
  • Some parasti lieto apgalvojuma teikumos, bet any ir biežāk sastopams jautājumos un noliegumos. Taču mēs varam lietot some arī jautājumos, kad mēs piedāvājam, lūdzam vai sagaidām atbildi “jā”.
    ✅ I bought some apples.
    ✅ We need some sugar.
    ✅ Do you have any apples?
    ✅ Is there any sugar?
    ✅ Would you like some tea?
    ✅ Can I have some water?
  • Lietojiet many / a few / few ar saskaitāmiem lietvārdiem, bet much / a little / little — ar nesaskaitāmiem lietvārdiem. Parastos apstiprinošos teikumos a lot of / lots of bieži ir dabiskāk nekā many / much.
    ✅ There are many people here.
    ✅ I have a few ideas. (= some, enough)
    ✅ I have few ideas. (= not many, not enough)
    ✅ There isn’t much time.
    ✅ Add a little salt. (= some, enough)
    ✅ We have little money left. (= not enough)
    ✅ She has a lot of friends.
    ✅ We did a lot of work.
  • Lai jautātu par daudzumu, lieto How many...? ar saskaitāmiem lietvārdiem un How much...? ar nesaskaitāmiem lietvārdiem.
    How many books do you have?
    How much water do we need?
  • Lai “saskaitītu” neskaitāmu lietvārdu, lieto mērvienību, trauku vai gatavu frāzi: a piece of, a bit of, a bottle of, a cup of, a loaf of, a slice of.
    a piece of advice
    two pieces of news
    a loaf of bread
    three cups of coffee
    two bottles of water
  • Daži vārdi, kas citās valodās var būt skaitāmi, angļu valodā parasti ir neskaitāmi: padoms, informācija, mēbeles, bagāža, ziņas, pētījumi, mājasdarbs, aprīkojums, satiksme, progress, zināšanas.
    ✅ some information
    ✅ a piece of advice
    ✅ some news
    ✅ a lot of equipment
    informations
    advices
  • Daži lietvārdi var būt gan skaitāmi, gan neskaitāmi. Nozīme mainās atkarībā no konteksta.
    ✅ I don’t drink much coffee. (= the drink in general)
    ✅ We’d like two coffees. (= two cups)
    ✅ I’d like some cake. (= cake as food)
    ✅ She baked two cakes. (= two whole cakes)
    ✅ She has long hair. (= hair in general)
    ✅ There is a hair in my soup. (= one strand)
    ✅ I don’t have much free time this week. (= time in general)
    ✅ I go to the gym three times a week. (= number of times)
    ✅ I need some paper. (= material to write on)
    ✅ I bought a paper. (= a newspaper/document)
    ✅ I saw some glass near the window. (= material / broken glass)
    ✅ Can I have a glass of juice? (= a drinking container)
    ✅ There isn’t much room in the car. (= space)
    ✅ There are five rooms in this house. (= parts of a house)
    ✅ I had trouble finding work. (= employment)
    ✅ There are many works of art here. (= creations)
  • Daži lietvārdi izskatās kā daudzskaitļa lietvārdi un parasti tiek lietoti tikai šajā formā: bikses, šķēres, brilles, binoklis. Lai tos saskaitītu, mēs bieži lietojam pāris.
    ✅ My trousers are too long.
    ✅ These scissors are sharp.
    ✅ I bought a pair of trousers.
    ✅ She needs two pairs of glasses.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Tipiskas kļūdas

Biežākās kļūdas: vienskaitļa skaitāma lietvārda atstāšana bez vārda tā priekšā, a/an lietošana ar neskaitāmu lietvārdu, neskaitāma lietvārda lietošana daudzskaitlī, nepareiza daudzuma vārda izvēle vai vispārīgas un konkrētas nozīmes sajaukšana.

❌ I need chair.
✅ I need a chair.
❌ She gave me an advice.
✅ She gave me some advice.
✅ She gave me a piece of advice.
❌ I need many information.
✅ I need a lot of information.
❌ There are much cars on the street.
✅ There are many cars on the street.
❌ We bought two breads.
✅ We bought two loaves of bread.
❌ Room needs furniture.
The room needs some furniture.
The coffee is popular around the world. (if you mean coffee in general)
Coffee is popular around the world.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Teikumi

There are a few apples on the table.
Uz galda ir daži āboli.
We don’t have much time.
Mums nav daudz laika.
She gave me some useful advice.
Viņa man deva dažus noderīgus padomus.
How much money do you need?
Cik daudz naudas tev vajag?
How many books have you got?
Cik daudz grāmatu tev ir?
I’d like a cup of tea and two sandwiches.
Es gribētu tasi tējas un divas sviestmaizes.
Would you like some coffee?
Vai jūs vēlētos kafiju?
We bought a loaf of bread and some cheese.
Mēs nopirkām klaipu maizes un nedaudz siera.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns Piemēri

We bought a loaf of bread and some cheese.
Mēs nopirkām klaipu maizes un nedaudz siera.
She gave me an apple and some juice.
Viņa man iedeva ābolu un nedaudz sulas.
I need a chair and some furniture for my room.
Man vajag krēslu un dažas mēbeles manai istabai.
He wrote an email and gave us some useful information.
Viņš uzrakstīja e-pastu un sniedza mums noderīgu informāciju.
They planted a tree but did not have much water.
Viņi iestādīja koku, bet viņiem nebija daudz ūdens.
We saw a bird near the lake and enjoyed the fresh air.
Mēs redzējām putnu pie ezera un izbaudījām svaigo gaisu.
She bought a dress and some new clothing for the trip.
Viņa nopirka kleitu un dažas jaunas drēbes ceļojumam.
I have a question, but I do not have enough time.
Man ir jautājums, bet man nav pietiekami daudz laika.
He ordered a coffee and some cake at the café.
Viņš pasūtīja kafiju un nedaudz kūkas kafejnīcā.
We took a photo and got some advice from the guide.
Mēs uzņēmām fotoattēlu un saņēmām dažus padomus no gida.

Lietotnē pieejami angļu valodas gramatikas vingrinājumi

Tenses

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Nouns and Articles