Comparatives: stavki, vaje, testi in primeri

Comparatives uporabljamo

Primerjalnike uporabljamo za primerjanje dveh ljudi, stvari, krajev, situacij ali dejanj. Pokažejo, da ima ena stvar več, manj ali enako stopnjo neke lastnosti: višji, bolj zanimiv, cenejši, tako hiter kot.

Primerniki se ne uporabljajo le z pridevniki, temveč tudi s prislovi. Pridevniki opisujejo samostalnike, medtem ko prislovi opisujejo dejanja in način, kako se nekaj zgodi.

My new laptop is lighter than my old one.
Moj novi prenosnik je lažji od mojega starega.
This exercise is more difficult than the previous one.
Ta vaja je težja od prejšnje.
She speaks more clearly than her brother.
Govori bolj jasno kot njen brat.
Today is less windy than yesterday.
Danes je manj vetrovno kot včeraj.

Comparatives Oblika

Primerniki se tvorijo na različne načine, odvisno od pridevnika ali prislova. Kratke besede navadno dobijo -er, daljše besede navadno dobijo more, nižja stopnja pa se pogosto izraža z less. Nekatere oblike so nepravilne.

short adjective/adverb → word + -er + than
long adjective/adverb → more + word + than
lower degree → less + word + than
equal comparison → as + word + as

Vrsta Osnovna oblika Primernik Primer
Kratek pridevnik tall taller taller than
Konča se na -e nice nicer nicer than
Kratek pridevnik z dvojnim soglasnikom big bigger bigger than
Končanje na soglasnik + y busy busier busier than
Dolg pridevnik interesting more interesting more interesting than
Prislov, ki se konča na -ly carefully more carefully more carefully than
Kratek prislov fast faster faster than
Nižja stopnja expensive / often less expensive / less often less expensive than / less often than
Nepravilen good / well / bad / badly / far / much / many / little better / better / worse / worse / farther(further) / more / more / less better than / worse than
Your bag is heavier than mine.
Tvoja torba je težja od moje.
He arrived earlier than the others.
Prispel je prej kot drugi.
This road is far less busy at night.
Ta cesta je ponoči veliko manj prometna.

Comparatives Pravilo

  • Uporabljajte primernike pridevnikov in prislovov za primerjanje dveh oseb, stvari ali dejanj oziroma za izražanje spremembe skozi čas.
    This room is brighter than the kitchen.
    Ta soba je svetlejša od kuhinje.
    I feel better today.
    Danes se počutim bolje.
  • Po primerjalniški obliki običajno uporabimo than.
    Her answer was more accurate than mine.
    Njen odgovor je bil natančnejši od mojega.
    Tom runs faster than Alex.
    Tom teče hitreje kot Alex.
  • Uporabite primerjalne pridevnike za opis samostalnikov in primerjalne prislove za opis dejanj.
    This book is more useful than that one.
    Ta knjiga je bolj uporabna kot tista.
    She explained the rule more clearly than the video did.
    Pravilo je razložila bolj jasno kot videoposnetek.
  • Uporabite less + pridevnik/prislov + than, da izrazite nižjo stopnjo.
    This option is less risky than the first one.
    Ta možnost je manj tvegana kot prva.
    We travel less often than we used to.
    Potujemo manj pogosto kot nekoč.
  • Uporabite as + pridevnik/prislov + as za enakovredno primerjavo in not as ... as za neenakost. Ne spreminjajte pridevnika ali prislova za as.
    My phone is as fast as yours.
    Moj telefon je tako hiter kot tvoj.
    He doesn't speak English as confidently as his sister.
    Ne govori angleško tako samozavestno kot njegova sestra.
  • Vzorec čim + primernik ..., tem + primernik ... uporabite, da pokažete, da ena sprememba povzroči drugo.
    The more you read, the easier this grammar becomes.
    Več ko bereš, lažja postaja ta slovnica.
    The earlier we leave, the sooner we arrive.
    Čim prej odidemo, tem prej prispemo.
  • Pogosto stopnjujemo primerjalnike z besedami, kot so much, far, a lot, ali pokažemo majhno razliko z a bit, a little, slightly.
    This version is much better than the old one.
    Ta različica je veliko boljša od stare.
    The blue sofa is a little cheaper than the grey one.
    Modra zofa je nekoliko cenejša od sive.
  • Nekateri dvozložni pridevniki imajo lahko v dejanski rabi dve pravilni primerniški obliki, na primer cleverer / more clever ali narrower / more narrow. V učnih vsebinah je bolje ostati dosleden.

Comparatives Tipične napake

❌ He is more taller than his brother.
✅ He is taller than his brother.
❌ English is more easy than Chinese.
✅ English is easier than Chinese.
❌ She drives carefullier than me.
✅ She drives more carefully than me.
❌ Kate learns as faster as Tom.
✅ Kate learns as fast as Tom.
❌ The more you practise, better you get.
✅ The more you practise, the better you get.
❌ My new phone is more better.
✅ My new phone is better.

Comparatives Stavki

My sister is younger than me.
Moja sestra je mlajša od mene.
This test is more difficult than the last one.
Ta test je težji od prejšnjega.
Winter in the mountains is much colder than winter by the sea.
Zima v gorah je veliko hladnejša kot zima ob morju.
He works more efficiently than he did last year.
Dela učinkoviteje kot lani.
Our new office is less noisy than the old one.
Naša nova pisarna je manj hrupna kot stara.
I get up earlier than my parents on weekdays.
Ob delavnikih vstanem prej kot moji starši.
This café is as popular as the restaurant across the street.
Ta kavarna je prav tako priljubljena kot restavracija čez cesto.
Your explanation was far clearer than mine.
Tvoja razlaga je bila veliko jasnejša od moje.
The more examples you read, the more confident you feel.
Več primerov ko prebereš, bolj samozavestno se počutiš.
Today the traffic is worse than yesterday.
Danes je promet slabši kot včeraj.

Vaje angleške slovnice, ki so na voljo v aplikaciji

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural