Present Simple: vety, cvičenia, testy a príklady

Present Simple používame

Present Simple sa používa na vyjadrenie zvykov, všeobecných právd, harmonogramov a trvalých stavov.


  • Zvyky a každodenné činnosti
    I usually drink coffee in the morning.
    Zvyčajne pijem ráno kávu.
  • Fakty a všeobecné pravdy
    Water boils at 100°C.
    Voda vrie pri 100 °C.
  • Harmonogramy a cestovné poriadky
    The train leaves at 8:30.
    Vlak odchádza o 8:30.
  • Trvalé alebo dlhodobé situácie
    She works in a software company.
    Pracuje v softvérovej firme.

Present Simple Forma

Subject + V1
He / She / It + V1(+s)

I work from home three days a week. She works from home three days a week.

Present Simple Pravidlo

  • V tretej osobe jednotného čísla (he/she/it) pridávame -s alebo -es.
    He works in an office.
    She watches online courses.
  • Pravidlá pravopisu pre tretiu osobu jednotného čísla:
    • slovesá končiace na -o, -sh, -ch, -ss, -x → pridáva sa -es
      He goes to the gym.
      She washes the dishes.
    • sloveso končiace na spoluhlásku + y → y sa mení na ies
      He studies English every day.
    • sloveso končiace na samohlásku + y → jednoducho pridáme -s
      She plays tennis on Sundays.
  • Príslovky frekvencie zvyčajne stoja pred hlavným slovesom a za slovesom to be.
    I always check my email in the morning.
    She is often late for meetings.
  • Present Simple sa často používa pri harmonogramoch a pravidelných udalostiach.
    The meeting starts at 10.
    Our team call takes place every Monday.
  • Niektoré slovesá (napr. know, like, love, hate, understand, believe) sa zvyčajne nepoužívajú v priebehovom tvare.
    I know the answer.
    She likes this app.

Present Simple Negácia

I / you / we / they do not (don’t) + V1
he / she / it does not (doesn’t) + V1

I don’t drink coffee in the evening.
He doesn’t check messages at night.

Present Simple Otázky

  • Otázky typu áno/nie sa tvoria pomocou pomocných slovies do a does.

    Do + I / you / we / they + V1?
    Does + he / she / it + V1?

    Do you work from home?
    Does she work on Sundays?
  • Po does sa hlavné sloveso používa v základnom tvare (bez -s).
    Does she work on Sundays?
    Does he play tennis?
  • Krátke odpovede:
    Do you like coffee?
    — Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
    Does he study English?
    — Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
  • Wh otázky sa tvoria pomocou opytovacieho slova + do/does.

    Wh-word + do + I / you / we / they + V1?
    Wh-word + does + he / she / it + V1?

    Where do you work?
    Why does she get up early?
    When does the train leave?
  • Ak sa otázka týka podmetu, do/does sa nepoužíva.
    Who works in this office?
    Who lives here?

Present Simple Typické chyby

❌ She work in an office.
✅ She works in an office.
❌ He don’t works on Sundays.
✅ He doesn’t work on Sundays.
❌ Do he work here?
✅ Does he work here?
❌ Where does she works?
✅ Where does she work?
❌ Who does work here?
✅ Who works here?
❌ I am agree with you.
✅ I agree with you.

Present Simple Vety

She works in a large international company.
Pracuje vo veľkej medzinárodnej spoločnosti.
They usually have dinner at 7 p.m.
Zvyčajne večerajú o siedmej večer.
He doesn’t drink coffee in the evening.
Večer nepije kávu.
Do you watch TV every day?
Pozeráš televíziu každý deň?
Where does she live?
Kde býva?
The train leaves at 8:30 every morning.
Vlak odchádza každý deň ráno o 8:30.
I always check my email before work.
Pred prácou si vždy kontrolujem e-mail.
Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
Voda vrie pri 100 stupňoch Celzia.
Why does he get up so early?
Prečo vstáva tak skoro?
Our team meeting starts at 10 a.m.
Naša tímová porada sa začína o 10:00.

Present Simple Príklady

She reads professional articles every morning.
Každé ráno číta odborné články.
We don’t work on weekends.
Nepracujeme cez víkendy.
Does he play the piano?
Hrá na klavíri?
They live near the city center.
Žijú blízko centra mesta.
My manager checks all reports carefully.
Môj manažér starostlivo kontroluje všetky správy.
Do your parents speak English?
Rozprávajú tvoji rodičia po anglicky?
The sun rises in the east.
Slnko vychádza na východe.
She doesn’t like spicy food.
Nemá rada pikantné jedlo.
How often do you go to the gym?
Ako často chodíš do posilňovne?
This app helps students improve their grammar.
Táto aplikácia pomáha študentom zlepšiť si gramatiku.

Cvičenia anglickej gramatiky dostupné v aplikácii

Tenses

Present Simple

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech