Second Conditional: vety, cvičenia, testy a príklady

Second Conditional používame

Hovoríme o imaginárnych, málo pravdepodobných alebo nereálnych situáciách v prítomnosti alebo budúcnosti a ich možných dôsledkoch.

Second Conditional Forma

if-part
(Conditional)		 main part
Result
if + subject + Past Simple subject + would + V1

If + subject + Past Simple, subject + would + V.
Subject + would + V + if + subject + Past Simple.

If it rained, I would stay at home.
Keby pršalo, zostal by som doma.

Second Conditional Pravidlo

  • Poradie častí nie je dôležité.
    If the weather didn’t improve, we would stay at home.
    We would stay at home if the weather didn’t improve.
  • Ak je podmienená časť ako prvá, dávame za ňu čiarku.
    If you studied, you would pass.
    You would pass if you studied.
  • v podmienkových vetách používame s I / he / she / it were namiesto was
    If I were you, I would change jobs.
    Keby som bol na tvojom mieste, zmenil by som prácu.
    If he were taller, he would play basketball professionally.
    Keby bol vyšší, hral by profesionálne basketbal.
    If she were more patient, she would enjoy teaching.
    Keby bola trpezlivejšia, bavilo by ju učiť.
    If it were warmer today, we would go for a walk.
    Keby bolo dnes teplejšie, išli by sme na prechádzku.
  • namiesto would môžeme použiť modálne slovesá: could, might, should
    If you studied more, you could pass the exam.
    Keby si sa viac učil, mohol by si urobiť skúšku.
    If we left now, we might arrive earlier.
    Ak by sme odišli teraz, mohli by sme prísť skôr.
    If you felt tired, you should rest.
    Ak by si sa cítil unavený, mal by si si oddýchnuť.
  • spojka unless = if not
    We wouldn’t go unless it were necessary.
    Nešli by sme, iba ak by to bolo nevyhnutné.

Second Conditional Negácia

  • v podmienkovej časti: Past Simple + didn't + V
    If he didn't call, I would stay at home.
    Ak by nezavolal, zostal by som doma.
  • v hlavnej časti: wouldn't + V alebo zápor modálneho slovesa
    If it rained, we wouldn't go outside.
    Keby pršalo, nešli by sme von.
    If you tried more, you might not fail.
    Ak by si sa viac snažil, možno by si neuspel.

Second Conditional Otázky

Otázka sa tvorí ako bežná otázka s would, zostáva len vedľajšia veta s if.

Would + subject + V1 + if + Past Simple?
Wh-word + would + subject + V1 + if + Past Simple?

What would you do if the app crashed?
Čo by ste urobili, keby aplikácia spadla?
Where would you live if you moved abroad?
Kde by si žil, keby si sa presťahoval do zahraničia?
Who would you invite if you organized a party?
Koho by si pozval, keby si organizoval večierok?
Why would she be upset if you didn't write?
Prečo by bola nahnevaná, keby si nenapísal?
How would you feel if you lost your phone?
Ako by ste sa cítili, keby ste stratili svoj telefón?

Second Conditional Typické chyby

❌ If it will rain, we would cancel.
✅ If it rained, we would cancel.
❌ I wouldn't come if he won't call.
✅ I wouldn't come if he didn't call.
❌ Would в if-части: If he would call, …
✅ Past Simple в if-части: If he called, …

Second Conditional Vety

If you studied more, you would feel more confident.
Keby si sa viac učil, cítil by si sa istejšie.
If I had more free time, I would start a new project.
Keby som mal viac voľného času, začal by som nový projekt.
If she lived closer, we would meet more often.
Keby bývala bližšie, stretávali by sme sa častejšie.
If they knew the answer, they would tell us.
Keby poznali odpoveď, povedali by nám ju.
If tomorrow were a day off, we would go to the countryside.
Keby bol zajtrajšok voľný deň, išli by sme na vidiek.
If he worked harder, he would get a promotion.
Keby viac pracoval, dostal by povýšenie.
If you lived here, you would save time on commuting.
Keby si tu býval, ušetril by si čas na dochádzanie.
If we had a car, we would leave earlier.
Keby sme mali auto, odišli by sme skôr.
If I knew about it, I would prepare.
Keby som o tom vedel, pripravil by som sa.
If they were free today, they would come to us.
Keby boli dnes voľní, prišli by za nami.

Second Conditional Príklady

If I had more money, I would travel around the world.
Keby som mal viac peňazí, cestoval by som po celom svete.
If she knew his number, she would call him.
Keby poznala jeho číslo, zavolala by mu.
If the weather were better, we would have a picnic.
Keby bolo lepšie počasie, išli by sme na piknik.
If you didn't eat so much sugar, you would feel healthier.
Keby si nejedol toľko cukru, cítil by si sa zdravšie.
If they shared the data, we could finish faster.
Ak by zdieľali údaje, mohli by sme to dokončiť rýchlejšie.
If he were more organized, he wouldn't miss deadlines.
Keby bol organizovanejší, nepremeškával by termíny.
If you helped me, I would finish this today.
Keby si mi pomohol, dnes by som to dokončil.
If the app loaded faster, more users would stay.
Ak by sa aplikácia načítavala rýchlejšie, viac používateľov by zostalo.
If I didn't have to work late, I would join you.
Keby som nemusel pracovať dlho do večera, pridal by som sa k vám.
If you were more careful, you wouldn't make so many mistakes.
Keby si bol opatrnejší, nerobil by si toľko chýb.

Cvičenia anglickej gramatiky dostupné v aplikácii

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech