Third Conditional: 문장, 연습문제, 테스트 및 예문

Third Conditional 사용합니다

비현실적인 과거에 대해 이야기합니다: 조건은 일어나지 않았지만, 우리는 상상 속의 결과를 설명합니다.

Third Conditional 형식

if-part
(Conditional)		 main part
Result
if + subject + Past Perfect subject + would have + V3

If + subject + Past Perfect, subject + would have + V3.
Subject + would have + V3 + if + subject + Past Perfect.

If it had rained, I would have stayed at home.
비가 왔더라면 집에 있었을 거예요.

Third Conditional 규칙

  • 부분의 순서는 중요하지 않습니다.
    If you had studied, you would have passed.
    You would have passed if you had studied.
  • 조건절이 먼저 나오면 그 뒤에 쉼표를 찍습니다.
    If you had studied, you would have passed.
    You would have passed if you had studied.
  • would have 대신에 다음과 같은 조동사를 사용할 수 있습니다: could have, might have, should have
    If it had been late, we might have taken a taxi.
    늦었더라면 우리는 택시를 탔을지도 모릅니다.
    If you had prepared, you could have succeeded.
    준비를 했더라면 성공할 수도 있었을 텐데.
    If you had listened, you should have understood everything.
    네가 말을 들었더라면, 모든 걸 이해했어야 했어.
  • 접속사 unless = if not (과거에서)
    We wouldn’t have gone unless it had been necessary.
    우리는 필요하지 않았다면 가지 않았을 것이다.
  • 혼합 가정법: 과거 조건 + 현재 결과
    If I had slept more, I would feel better now.
    내가 잠을 더 잤다면 지금 기분이 더 좋을 텐데.

Third Conditional 부정

  • if절에서는: Past Perfect + hadn’t + V3
    If he hadn’t called, I wouldn’t have gone.
    그가 전화하지 않았더라면, 나는 가지 않았을 거야.
  • 주절에서는: wouldn’t have + V3 또는 조동사의 부정형
    If it had rained, we wouldn’t have gone outside.
    비가 왔더라면 우리는 밖에 나가지 않았을 거예요.
    If you had studied hard, you might not have failed.
    열심히 공부했더라면 떨어지지 않았을지도 몰라요.

Third Conditional 질문들

would + have를 사용하는 일반 의문문처럼 구성되며, if (Past Perfect) 절이 남습니다.

Would + subject + have + V3 + if + Past Perfect?
Wh-word + would + subject + have + V3 + if + Past Perfect?

What would you have done if the app had crashed?
앱이 꺼졌다면 당신은 어떻게 했을까요?
Where would you have gone if you had moved abroad?
해외로 이사했다면 어디로 갔을 것 같아요?
Who would you have invited if you had organized a party?
당신이 파티를 열었다면 누구를 초대했을 것 같아요?
Why would she have been upset if you hadn’t written?
당신이 편지를 쓰지 않았다면 왜 그녀가 화가 났을까요?
How would you have felt if you had lost your phone?
휴대를 잃어버렸다면 기분이 어땠을 것 같아요?

Third Conditional 흔한 실수들

❌ If it would have rained, we would have canceled.
✅ If it had rained, we would have canceled.
❌ I wouldn’t have come if he wouldn’t have called.
✅ I wouldn’t have come if he hadn’t called.
❌ Past Simple в if-части: If he didn’t call, …
✅ Past Perfect в if-части: If he hadn’t called, …

Third Conditional 문장들

If you had finished the report on time, we would have sent it yesterday.
당신이 제시간에 보고서를 끝냈다면, 우리는 그것을 어제 보냈을 거예요.
If he hadn’t been late, the meeting would have started on time.
그가 늦지 않았더라면 회의는 제시간에 시작되었을 것이다.
If the weather had been better, we would have had a picnic.
날씨가 더 좋았더라면 우리는 소풍을 갔을 것이다.
If they had known the answer, they would have told us.
그들이 답을 알았다면 우리에게 말해 줬을 거예요.
If yesterday had been a day off, we would have gone to the countryside.
어제가 쉬는 날이었더라면 우리는 시골에 갔을 것이다.
If he had worked harder, he would have got a promotion.
그가 더 열심히 일했더라면 승진을 했을 것이다.
If you had lived closer, we would have met more often.
네가 더 가까이 살았더라면, 우리는 더 자주 만났을 거야.
If we had had a car, we would have left earlier.
우리가 차가 있었더라면 더 일찍 떠났을 거예요.
If I had known about it earlier, I would have prepared.
그것에 대해 일찍 알았더라면, 준비했을 거예요.
If they had been free yesterday, they would have come to us.
그들이 어제 한가했더라면 우리에게 왔을 것이다.

Third Conditional 예시들

If I had had more money, I would have traveled around the world.
내게 돈이 더 있었더라면 전 세계를 여행했을 것이다.
If she had known his number, she would have called him.
그녀가 그의 번호를 알았더라면 그에게 전화했을 것이다.
If you hadn’t eaten so much sugar, you would have felt healthier.
당신이 그렇게 많이 설탕을 먹지 않았더라면, 더 건강하다고 느꼈을 거예요.
If they had shared the data, we could have finished faster.
그들이 데이터를 공유했더라면 우리는 더 빨리 끝낼 수 있었을 텐데요.
If he had been more organized, he wouldn’t have missed deadlines.
그가 더 체계적이었더라면 마감 기한을 놓치지 않았을 것이다.
If you had helped me, I would have finished this yesterday.
네가 나를 도와줬다면, 나는 이 일을 어제 끝냈을 거야.
If the app had loaded faster, more users would have stayed.
앱이 더 빨리 로드되었더라면, 더 많은 사용자가 남았을 것이다.
If I hadn’t had to work late, I would have joined you.
야근을 하지 않았더라면 너와 함께 했을 거야.
If you had been more careful, you wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
좀 더 조심했더라면 그렇게 많은 실수를 하지 않았을 텐데요.
If we had backed up the files, we wouldn’t have lost the data.
파일을 백업해 두었더라면 데이터를 잃어버리지 않았을 텐데요.

앱에서 이용할 수 있는 영어 문법 연습

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech