Third Conditional: věty, cvičení, testy a příklady

Third Conditional používáme

Mluvíme o nereálné minulosti: podmínka nenastala, ale popisujeme imaginární následek.

Third Conditional Forma

if-part
(Conditional)		 main part
Result
if + subject + Past Perfect subject + would have + V3

If + subject + Past Perfect, subject + would have + V3.
Subject + would have + V3 + if + subject + Past Perfect.

If it had rained, I would have stayed at home.
Kdyby pršelo, zůstal bych doma.

Third Conditional Pravidlo

  • Pořadí částí není důležité.
    If you had studied, you would have passed.
    You would have passed if you had studied.
  • Pokud je podmínková část na prvním místě, dáváme za ni čárku.
    If you had studied, you would have passed.
    You would have passed if you had studied.
  • můžeme použít modální slovesa místo would have: could have, might have, should have
    If it had been late, we might have taken a taxi.
    Kdyby bylo pozdě, možná bychom si vzali taxi.
    If you had prepared, you could have succeeded.
    Kdybys byl připravený, mohl jsi uspět.
    If you had listened, you should have understood everything.
    Kdybys byl poslouchal, měl jsi všemu rozumět.
  • spojka unless = if not (v minulosti)
    We wouldn’t have gone unless it had been necessary.
    Nešli bychom, kdyby to nebylo nutné.
  • smíšené podmínkové věty: minulá podmínka + současný výsledek
    If I had slept more, I would feel better now.
    Kdybych býval víc spal, cítil bych se teď lépe.

Third Conditional Negace

  • ve větě s if: Past Perfect + hadn’t + V3
    If he hadn’t called, I wouldn’t have gone.
    Kdyby nezavolal, nešel bych.
  • v hlavní větě: wouldn’t have + V3 nebo negace modálního slovesa
    If it had rained, we wouldn’t have gone outside.
    Kdyby pršelo, nešli bychom ven.
    If you had studied hard, you might not have failed.
    Kdybys býval pilně studoval, možná bys nebyl nepropadl.

Third Conditional Otázky

Tvoří se jako běžné otázky s would + have a zůstává vedlejší věta s if (Past Perfect).

Would + subject + have + V3 + if + Past Perfect?
Wh-word + would + subject + have + V3 + if + Past Perfect?

What would you have done if the app had crashed?
Co bys udělal, kdyby se aplikace zhroutila?
Where would you have gone if you had moved abroad?
Kam by ses odstěhoval, kdybys odešel do zahraničí?
Who would you have invited if you had organized a party?
Koho bys pozval, kdybys pořádal večírek?
Why would she have been upset if you hadn’t written?
Proč by byla naštvaná, kdybys nenapsal?
How would you have felt if you had lost your phone?
Jak by ses cítil, kdybys ztratil svůj telefon?

Third Conditional Typické chyby

❌ If it would have rained, we would have canceled.
✅ If it had rained, we would have canceled.
❌ I wouldn’t have come if he wouldn’t have called.
✅ I wouldn’t have come if he hadn’t called.
❌ Past Simple в if-части: If he didn’t call, …
✅ Past Perfect в if-части: If he hadn’t called, …

Third Conditional Věty

If you had finished the report on time, we would have sent it yesterday.
Kdybys byl dokončil tu zprávu včas, poslali bychom ji včera.
If he hadn’t been late, the meeting would have started on time.
Kdyby nepřišel pozdě, porada by začala včas.
If the weather had been better, we would have had a picnic.
Kdyby bylo lepší počasí, byli bychom měli piknik.
If they had known the answer, they would have told us.
Kdyby znali odpověď, řekli by nám to.
If yesterday had been a day off, we would have gone to the countryside.
Kdyby bylo včera volno, jeli bychom na venkov.
If he had worked harder, he would have got a promotion.
Kdyby byl pracoval usilovněji, dostal by povýšení.
If you had lived closer, we would have met more often.
Kdybys bydlel blíž, vídali bychom se častěji.
If we had had a car, we would have left earlier.
Kdybychom bývali měli auto, odjeli bychom dříve.
If I had known about it earlier, I would have prepared.
Kdybych o tom věděl dříve, byl bych se připravil.
If they had been free yesterday, they would have come to us.
Kdyby byli včera volní, byli by za námi přišli.

Third Conditional Příklady

If I had had more money, I would have traveled around the world.
Kdybych býval měl víc peněz, byl bych cestoval kolem světa.
If she had known his number, she would have called him.
Kdyby znala jeho číslo, zavolala by mu.
If you hadn’t eaten so much sugar, you would have felt healthier.
Kdybys nesnědl tolik cukru, cítil by ses zdravěji.
If they had shared the data, we could have finished faster.
Kdyby sdíleli data, mohli jsme být hotovi rychleji.
If he had been more organized, he wouldn’t have missed deadlines.
Kdyby byl organizovanější, neprošvihnul by termíny.
If you had helped me, I would have finished this yesterday.
Kdybys mi byl pomohl, dokončil bych to včera.
If the app had loaded faster, more users would have stayed.
Kdyby se aplikace načetla rychleji, zůstalo by více uživatelů.
If I hadn’t had to work late, I would have joined you.
Kdybych nemusel zůstat v práci dlouho, přidal bych se k vám.
If you had been more careful, you wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
Kdybys byl opatrnější, neudělal bys tolik chyb.
If we had backed up the files, we wouldn’t have lost the data.
Kdybychom si byli soubory zazálohovali, nepřišli bychom o data.

Cvičení anglické gramatiky dostupná v aplikaci

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech