Third Conditional: lauseita, harjoituksia, testejä ja esimerkkejä

Third Conditional käytämme

Puhumme epärealistisesta menneisyydestä: ehto ei toteutunut, mutta kuvaamme kuvitellun tuloksen.

Third Conditional Muoto

if-part
(Conditional)		 main part
Result
if + subject + Past Perfect subject + would have + V3

If + subject + Past Perfect, subject + would have + V3.
Subject + would have + V3 + if + subject + Past Perfect.

If it had rained, I would have stayed at home.
Jos olisi satanut, olisin pysynyt kotona.

Third Conditional Sääntö

  • Osien järjestyksellä ei ole merkitystä.
    If you had studied, you would have passed.
    You would have passed if you had studied.
  • Jos ehtolause tulee ensin, laitamme sen perään pilkun.
    If you had studied, you would have passed.
    You would have passed if you had studied.
  • voidaan käyttää modaaliverbejä would have:n sijasta: could have, might have, should have
    If it had been late, we might have taken a taxi.
    Jos olisi ollut myöhä, olisimme saattaneet ottaa taksin.
    If you had prepared, you could have succeeded.
    Jos olisit valmistautunut, olisit voinut onnistua.
    If you had listened, you should have understood everything.
    Jos olisit kuunnellut, sinun olisi pitänyt ymmärtää kaikki.
  • konjunktio unless = if not (menneisyydessä)
    We wouldn’t have gone unless it had been necessary.
    Emme olisi menneet, ellei se olisi ollut välttämätöntä.
  • sekamuotoiset konditionaalit: mennyt ehto + nykyinen tulos
    If I had slept more, I would feel better now.
    Jos olisin nukkunut enemmän, tuntisin oloni nyt paremmaksi.

Third Conditional Kielteinen muoto

  • if-lauseessa: Past Perfect + hadn’t + V3
    If he hadn’t called, I wouldn’t have gone.
    Jos hän ei olisi soittanut, en olisi mennyt.
  • päälauseessa: wouldn’t have + V3 tai modaaliverbin kielto
    If it had rained, we wouldn’t have gone outside.
    Jos olisi satanut, emme olisi menneet ulos.
    If you had studied hard, you might not have failed.
    Jos olisit opiskellut ahkerasti, et ehkä olisi reputtanut.

Third Conditional Kysymykset

Ne muodostetaan kuten tavalliset would + have -kysymykset, ja if (Past Perfect) -sivulause jää mukaan.

Would + subject + have + V3 + if + Past Perfect?
Wh-word + would + subject + have + V3 + if + Past Perfect?

What would you have done if the app had crashed?
Mitä olisit tehnyt, jos sovellus olisi kaatunut?
Where would you have gone if you had moved abroad?
Minne olisit mennyt, jos olisit muuttanut ulkomaille?
Who would you have invited if you had organized a party?
Kenet olisit kutsunut, jos olisit järjestänyt juhlat?
Why would she have been upset if you hadn’t written?
Miksi hän olisi ollut pahoillaan, jos et olisi kirjoittanut?
How would you have felt if you had lost your phone?
Miltä sinusta olisi tuntunut, jos olisit kadottanut puhelimesi?

Third Conditional Tyypilliset virheet

❌ If it would have rained, we would have canceled.
✅ If it had rained, we would have canceled.
❌ I wouldn’t have come if he wouldn’t have called.
✅ I wouldn’t have come if he hadn’t called.
❌ Past Simple в if-части: If he didn’t call, …
✅ Past Perfect в if-части: If he hadn’t called, …

Third Conditional Lauseet

If you had finished the report on time, we would have sent it yesterday.
Jos olisit saanut raportin valmiiksi ajoissa, olisimme lähettäneet sen eilen.
If he hadn’t been late, the meeting would have started on time.
Jos hän ei olisi ollut myöhässä, kokous olisi alkanut ajoissa.
If the weather had been better, we would have had a picnic.
Jos sää olisi ollut parempi, olisimme pitäneet piknikin.
If they had known the answer, they would have told us.
Jos he olisivat tienneet vastauksen, he olisivat kertoneet sen meille.
If yesterday had been a day off, we would have gone to the countryside.
Jos eilen olisi ollut vapaapäivä, olisimme menneet maalle.
If he had worked harder, he would have got a promotion.
Jos hän olisi tehnyt kovemmin töitä, hän olisi saanut ylennyksen.
If you had lived closer, we would have met more often.
Jos olisit asunut lähempänä, olisimme tavanneet useammin.
If we had had a car, we would have left earlier.
Jos meillä olisi ollut auto, olisimme lähteneet aikaisemmin.
If I had known about it earlier, I would have prepared.
Jos olisin tiennyt siitä aiemmin, olisin valmistautunut.
If they had been free yesterday, they would have come to us.
Jos he olisivat olleet vapaita eilen, he olisivat tulleet luoksemme.

Third Conditional Esimerkit

If I had had more money, I would have traveled around the world.
Jos minulla olisi ollut enemmän rahaa, olisin matkustanut ympäri maailmaa.
If she had known his number, she would have called him.
Jos hän olisi tiennyt hänen numeronsa, hän olisi soittanut hänelle.
If you hadn’t eaten so much sugar, you would have felt healthier.
Jos et olisi syönyt niin paljon sokeria, olisit tuntenut olosi terveemmäksi.
If they had shared the data, we could have finished faster.
Jos he olisivat jakaneet tiedot, olisimme voineet valmistua nopeammin.
If he had been more organized, he wouldn’t have missed deadlines.
Jos hän olisi ollut järjestelmällisempi, hän ei olisi missannut määräaikoja.
If you had helped me, I would have finished this yesterday.
Jos olisit auttanut minua, olisin saanut tämän valmiiksi eilen.
If the app had loaded faster, more users would have stayed.
Jos sovellus olisi latautunut nopeammin, useammat käyttäjät olisivat jääneet.
If I hadn’t had to work late, I would have joined you.
Jos minun ei olisi tarvinnut tehdä ylitöitä, olisin liittynyt seuraasi.
If you had been more careful, you wouldn’t have made so many mistakes.
Jos olisit ollut huolellisempi, et olisi tehnyt niin paljon virheitä.
If we had backed up the files, we wouldn’t have lost the data.
Jos olisimme varmuuskopioineet tiedostot, emme olisi menettäneet tietoja.

Englannin kieliopin harjoitukset, jotka ovat saatavilla sovelluksessa

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech