Pronouns: gaplar, mashqlar, testlar va misollar

Pronouns foydalanamiz

Ushbu darsdagi olmoshlar yanada murakkab olmoshlar va tuzilmalardan iborat: umumiy olmoshlar you / we / one / they, kirish it, there + be tuzilmasi, o‘zlik olmoshlari myself / yourself... va o‘zaro olmoshlar each other / one another.

They say it's unusual for a woman to be a soldier.
Aytishlaricha, ayol kishining askar bo‘lishi odatiy emas.
We must always ask ourselves, what is worth fighting for?
Biz doimo o‘zimizdan so‘rashimiz kerak: nima uchun kurashishga arziydi?
I blame myself for what happened.
Bo‘lgan voqea uchun o‘zimni ayblayman.
It's been a long time since we have talked to each other.
Bir-birimiz bilan gaplashmaganimizga ancha vaqt bo‘ldi.
There may be more worthy causes than you think.
Siz o‘ylagandan ko‘ra munosibroq sabablar ko‘proq bo‘lishi mumkin.

Pronouns Forma

1. Umumiy olmoshlar

Umumiy olmoshlar aniq bir kishiga emas, balki umuman odamlarga ishora qiladi. Ular bizga umumiy fikrlarni bildirishga yordam beradi.

Shakl Uslub / ma’no Misol
you “istalgan shaxs” degan ma’noni ifodalashning eng keng tarqalgan usuli When you get a pet, you accept responsibilities.
we so‘zlovchi o‘zini va tinglovchilarni / jamiyatni ham o‘z ichiga oladi As members of society, we should help each other.
one / one's rasmiy, ko‘pincha yozma nutqda ishlatiladi In a foreign country, one may feel lost.
they umuman olganda odamlar, hokimiyatlar/tashkilotlar yoki jinsi noma’lum yoki muhim bo‘lmagan shaxs They say it's dangerous to go out after dark.

2. U va there

Tuzilma Qachon ishlatish kerak Misol
it vaqt, ob-havo, harorat, masofa It's 5 o'clock. It's raining. It's 20 °C outside.
it + adjective + to V baholashdan oldingi kirish mavzusi It was very nice to talk to you again.
there + be nimadir mavjud yoki biror joyda bor ekanini aytmoq There is an airport outside of town.

3. O‘zlik olmoshlari

Mavzu O‘zlik olmoshi Misol
I myself I cut myself.
you singular yourself You should be proud of yourself.
he himself He went there by himself.
she herself She made dinner herself.
it itself The door opened by itself.
we ourselves We painted the house ourselves.
you plural yourselves Help yourselves to tea.
they themselves They introduced themselves.

4. O‘zaro olmoshlar

Shakl Ma'no Misol
each other A B ga nimadir qiladi, B esa A ga nimadir qiladi They understand each other.
one another deyarli bir xil, biroz rasmiyroq We don't see one another very often.
each other's / one another's o‘zaro egalik They know each other's secrets.

Pronouns Qoidalar

  • Kundalik nutqda har qanday shaxs haqida gapirganda you so‘zidan foydalaning. Bu har doim ham aynan tinglovchini anglatmaydi.
    You have to be careful when you work with heavy machinery.
    Og‘ir texnika bilan ishlayotganingizda ehtiyot bo‘lishingiz kerak.
  • One rasmiyroq eshitiladi. Agar egalik shakli kerak bo‘lsa, one's dan foydalaning.
    One must never forget about safety.
    Xavfsizlikni hech qachon unutmaslik kerak.
    It is often hard to understand what occupies one's thoughts.
    Ko‘pincha odamning xayolini nima band etayotganini tushunish qiyin bo‘ladi.
  • They “odamlar aytishadi”, hokimiyat/tashkilot yoki jinsi noma’lum bo‘lgan yoki muhim bo‘lmagan bitta odamni anglatishi mumkin.
    They say it's dangerous to go out after dark.
    Aytishlaricha, qorong‘i tushgandan keyin tashqariga chiqish xavfli.
    I don't know who took my pen, but they had better give it back.
    Qalamimni kim olganini bilmayman, lekin uni yaxshisi qaytarib bersin.
  • Vaqt, ob-havo, harorat va masofa uchun it dan foydalaning. Bu yerda it bitta aniq narsani anglatmaydi.
    It's 100 metres to the station.
    Bekatgacha 100 metr.
    It's raining.
    Yomg‘ir yog‘moqda.
  • Biror narsa mavjud ekanini, borligini yoki qayerdadir joylashganini aytmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, there + be dan foydalaning. Bu tuzilmani it is bilan almashtirmang.
    There is some chicken in the fridge.
    Muzlatgichda biroz tovuq go‘shti bor.
    There are two messages on your phone.
    Telefoningizda ikkita xabar bor.
  • Ega va to‘ldiruvchi bir xil shaxs yoki narsa bo‘lganda o‘zlik olmoshlaridan foydalaning.

    subject + verb + myself / yourself / himself / herself / itself / ourselves / yourselves / themselves

    I cut myself dicing tomatoes.
    Pomidorlarni to‘g‘rayotib o‘zimni kesib oldim.
    Why are you talking to yourself?
    Nega o‘zingiz bilan gaplashyapsiz?
  • Oʻzlik olmoshi, shuningdek, kimdir ish-harakatni yolgʻiz yoki yordam olmasdan bajarganini ham taʼkidlashi mumkin.
    We painted the house ourselves.
    Biz uyni o‘zimiz bo‘yadik.
    She cooked the whole dinner herself.
    U butun kechki ovqatni o‘zi tayyorladi.
  • Ko‘pchilik predloglardan keyin, agar u egaга qaytsa, o‘zlik olmoshini ishlatishingiz mumkin. Ammo joy predloglaridan keyin va “birga” ma’nosidagi with dan keyin, odatda to‘ldiruvchi olmoshini ishlatamiz.
    ✅ You should be proud of yourself.
    ✅ I put my bag in front of me.
    ✅ I'm taking my dog with me to France.
  • Ba’zi fe’llar boshqa tillarda o‘zlik ma’nosida bo‘lishi mumkin, ammo ingliz tilida odatda o‘zlik olmoshini talab qilmaydi: yuvinmoq, soqol olmoq, kiyinmoq, dam olmoq, shoshilmoq, ochilmoq.
    My dad always shaves in the morning before he dresses.
    Otam har doim kiyinishdan oldin ertalab soqolini oladi.
    Hurry up! We are late.
    Shoshiling! Biz kech qolyapmiz.
  • enjoy bilan, agar enjoy dan keyin boshqa to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lmasa, o‘zlik olmoshini ishlatishingiz mumkin.
    ✅ Did you enjoy the party?
    ✅ Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
  • By + o‘zlik olmoshi va on + egalik aniqlovchisi + own “yolg‘iz / mustaqil ravishda / yordamsiz” degan ma’noni anglatadi.
    I'm home all by myself.
    Men uyda butunlay yolg‘izman.
    Can you do this on your own?
    Buni o‘zingiz qila olasizmi?
  • Bir-biri va bir-biriga harakat o‘zaro bo‘lganda ishlatiladi: A Bga nimadir qiladi, va B ham A ga xuddi shunday qiladi.
    Working in a team, it is important to understand each other.
    Jamoada ishlaganda, bir-birimizni tushunish muhim.
    John and Sally always enjoy one another's company.
    Jon va Selli har doim bir-birining hamrohligidan zavqlanadi.

Pronouns Savollar

Savollar tuzilishga bog‘liq: mavjudlikni so‘rash uchun Is there...? / Are there...? dan foydalaning; o‘zlik olmoshlari bilan oddiy so‘roq tartibini qo‘llang; va o‘zaro harakatlar haqidagi savollarda each other odatda ishlatiladi.

Is / Are there + noun + ...?
Did / Do / Does + subject + verb + reflexive pronoun?
Do / Did + plural subject + verb + each other?

A: Is there an airport outside of town?
B: Yes, there is.
A: Are there any seats in the room?
B: No, there aren't.
A: Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
B: Yes, I had a great time.
A: Do you live by yourself?
B: No, I live with my sister.
A: Do they know each other?
B: Yes, they work together.

Pronouns Odatdagi xatolar

Asosiy xatolar — there is o‘rniga it is ni ishlatish, oddiy holat fe’llaridan keyin keraksiz myself ni qo‘shish, joy bildiruvchi predloglardan keyin object pronounlarni reflexive pronounlar bilan almashtirish va themselves ni each other bilan adashtirish.

❌ I feel myself unwell.
✅ I feel unwell.
❌ Are you hungry? It is some chicken in the fridge.
✅ Are you hungry? There is some chicken in the fridge.
❌ I put my bag in front of myself.
✅ I put my bag in front of me.
❌ I'm taking my dog with myself.
✅ I'm taking my dog with me.
❌ My dad always shaves himself before he dresses himself.
✅ My dad always shaves before he dresses.
❌ We looked at each other in the mirror. if each person looked at their own reflection
✅ We looked at ourselves in the mirror.
❌ We bought ourselves small gifts. if each person bought a gift for another person
✅ We bought each other small gifts.
❌ One must never forget about his safety.
✅ One must never forget about one's safety.

Pronouns Gaplar

When you get a pet, you accept a set of responsibilities.
Uy hayvonini olganingizda, siz bir qator mas’uliyatlarni zim-mangizga olasiz.
As human beings, we are responsible for our future.
Insonlar sifatida, biz o‘z kelajagimiz uchun javobgarmiz.
One should be polite in a formal meeting.
Rasmiy uchrashuvda xushmuomala bo‘lish kerak.
They say this road is dangerous after dark.
Aytishlaricha, bu yo‘l qorong‘i tushgandan keyin xavfli.
It's five o'clock.
Soat besh.
It's raining, and it's cold outside.
Yomg‘ir yog‘yapti, tashqarida esa sovuq.
It was very nice to talk to you again.
Siz bilan yana gaplashish juda yoqimli bo‘ldi.
There is an airport outside of town.
Shahar tashqarisida aeroport bor.
There are three books on the desk.
Stol ustida uchta kitob bor.
I cut myself while I was cooking.
Ovqat pishirayotganimda o‘zimni kesib oldim.
You should be proud of yourself.
O'zingiz bilan faxrlanishingiz kerak.
We painted the house ourselves.
Biz uyni o‘zimiz bo‘yadik.
I'm sorry, can you do this on your own?
Kechirasiz, buni o‘zingiz qila olasizmi?
Working in a team, it is important to understand each other.
Jamoada ishlaganda, bir-birimizni tushunish muhim.
John and Sally always enjoy one another's company.
Jon va Selli har doim bir-birining hamrohligidan zavqlanadi.

Pronouns Misollar

A: Why do people wear helmets here?
B: When you work with heavy machinery, you have to think about safety.
A: Is it far to the station?
B: No, it's about 100 metres from here.
A: Are you hungry?
B: Yes. Is there anything to eat?
A: There is some chicken in the fridge.
A: Did you hire painters?
B: No, we painted the house ourselves.
A: Do Jack and Mia know each other?
B: Yes, they are friends. They help each other after school.
My family left for the holidays, so I stayed home all by myself and cooked dinner on my own.
Oilam ta’tilga jo‘nab ketdi, shuning uchun men uyda butunlay yolg‘iz qoldim va kechki ovqatni o‘zim tayyorladim.
They say the exam is difficult, but if we help each other, we can prepare well.
Ular imtihon qiyin deyishadi, ammo agar biz bir-birimizga yordam bersak, yaxshi tayyorlana olamiz.

Hozir mashq qiling

Qoidani amalda mustahkamlang. Bu atigi 30 soniya oladi.

Sun’iy intellekt javoblarni tekshiradi va xatolarni tushuntiradi
Talaffuz mashqi
Turli qoidalar bo‘yicha minglab mashqlar
5 tadan 1-mashq
Pronouns
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Maslahat

Ushbu mashqdan olmoshlarni haqiqiy gapda qo‘llay olishingizni tekshirish uchun foydalaning.

Ilovada mavjud ingliz tili grammatikasi mashqlari

Tenses

Future Simple Present Simple Present Perfect Present Continuous Past Simple Past Perfect Past Continuous Past Perfect Continuous Present Perfect Continuous Future Continuous Future Perfect Future Perfect Continuous Be going to

Adjectives/Adverbs

Superlatives Comparatives Adverbs Adverbs of Frequency

Conditionals

Second Conditional First Conditional Third Conditional Zero Conditional

Pronouns

Something, Anything, Nothing, etc. Quantifiers Demonstrative Pronouns Possessive 's Possessives Pronouns

Sentences

Relative Clauses Conjunctions Reported Speech There is / There are There was / There were

Verbs

Used to To be used to To get used to

Modals

Should or Shouldn't May or Might and Infinitive Modal Verbs Can / Can't Speculation and Deduction

Nouns and Articles

Countable and Uncountable Singular and Plural Nouns Uncountable and Plural