Reported Speech Regel, Beispiele, Übungen und Tests

Reported speech verwenden

Wir verwenden es, um die Worte einer anderen Person wiederzugeben und ihre Form anzupassen, sodass sie Teil Ihres Textes werden und kein direktes Zitat bleiben.
Wir wandeln direkte Rede in indirekte Rede um.

Reported speech Form

Subject + reporting V, that subject + V (mit Zeitverschiebung, falls erforderlich)

“I am tired”, she said. She said that she was tired.

Reported speech Regel

Im Englischen wird die indirekte Rede nicht in Anführungszeichen gesetzt, anders als die direkte Rede:

George said, “I am ready to dance with you.”

George said (that) he was ready to dance with me.

Reported speech Änderungen der Zeiten

Direkte Rede (Direct speech)	Indirekte Rede (Reported speech)
Present Simple I know	Past Simple he said he knew
Present Continuous I am doing	Past Continuous he said he was doing
Present Perfect I have done	Past Perfect he said he had done
Past Simple I did	Past Perfect he said he had done
Past Continuous I was doing	Past Perfect Continuous he said he had been doing
Past Perfect I had done	Past Perfect I had done
Future (will) I will go	would he said he would go

❗ Wenn sich die Zeitform nicht ändert

Allgemeine Wahrheiten, Fakten, Naturgesetze.
Wenn etwas immer wahr ist, ändert sich die Zeitform nicht:
The Earth moves around the Sun. He said that the Earth moves around the Sun.
Wenn die Handlung zum Zeitpunkt des Sprechens noch relevant ist.
Wenn die Aussage auch jetzt noch wahr ist.
I live in Paris. She said she lives in Paris. (weil sie dort immer noch lebt)
Wenn der Nebensatz im Past Continuous steht, kann sich die Zeitform im gesprochenen Englisch nicht ändern.
He said, “I was playing football when she called me.”.
Er sagte: „Ich habe Fußball gespielt, als sie mich anrief.“. He said that he was playing football when she called him.
Er sagte, dass er gerade Fußball spielte, als sie ihn anrief.
Wenn das Einleitungsverb im Präsens steht
Bei says, tells, has said gibt es keine Zeitverschiebung.
I’m busy. She says she is busy

Reported speech Modale Verben

Modale Verben, die sich ändern:

Direkte Rede (Direct speech)	Indirekte Rede (Reported speech)
will	would
can	could
may	might
shall	should
must (Pflicht)	had to
must (drückt einen Befehl oder eine Vereinbarung aus)	was to

He said, “I will help you.” He said (that) he would help me.

She said, “I can finish it today.” She said (that) she could finish it that day.

John said, “I may go to the party.” John said (that) he might go to the party.

I asked, “Shall we begin?” I asked if we should begin.

My mother said, “You must do your homework.” My mother said (that) I had to do my homework.

The officer said, “You must be there by 6.” The officer said (that) I was to be there by 6.

Modale Verben, die sich NICHT ändern
(keine Vergangenheitsform haben):
could, should, would, might, ought to
“I could help you,” he said. He said he could help me.

“You should study more,” the teacher said. The teacher said I should study more.

“I would love to join you,” she said. She said she would love to join us.

“It might rain later,” John said. John said it might rain later.

“You ought to be more careful,” she said. She said I ought to be more careful.

Reported speech Pronomen

Pronomen ändern sich je nach dem Sprecher und der Person, an die die Worte gerichtet sind.

“I like your car,” he said. He said he liked my car.

Reported speech Zeit und Ort

the previous weektd>two days earlier

Direkte Rede (Direct speech)	Indirekte Rede (Reported speech)
today	that day
yesterday	the day before
tomorrow	the next day
now	then
last week
tonight	that night
two days ago
here	there
this	that
these	those

“We have a meeting today,” he said. He said they had a meeting that day.

I bought these shoes yesterday. She said she had bought those shoes the day before.

I will come tomorrow. He said he would come the next day.

I can’t talk now. He said he couldn’t talk then.

I finished the course last week. She said she had finished the course the previous week.

I’m going out tonight. He said he was going out that night.

I moved here two days ago. She said she had moved there two days earlier.

Come here. She told him to come there.

This place is beautiful. He said that place was beautiful.

I bought these shoes. He said he had bought those shoes.

Reported speech Verben

Verben, nach denen eine that-clause steht :
say, tell, add, explain, mention, reply, answer, admit, agree, deny, promise…
I’m tired. She said that she was tired.
Verben, nach denen ein to-infinitive steht:
advise, ask, tell, order, persuade, remind, warn, invite, encourage…
Don’t be late. He told me to not be late.

Reported speech Verneinung

not vor dem Vollverb hinzufügen / beibehalten
I don’t like it. She said she didn’t like it.
Wenn das Modalverb eine Verneinung mit not hat, ändern wir das Modalverb und fügen not hinzu.
I can’t help you. He said he couldn’t help me.
Wenn sich not auf die Bedeutung und nicht auf die Grammatik bezieht, behalten wir es bei.
Don’t worry. He told me not to worry.

Reported speech Fragen

Allgemeine Ja/Nein-Fragen in der indirekten Rede werden mit if oder whether eingeleitet. Die Wortstellung der Frage wird in die Wortstellung eines Aussagesatzes geändert.
- If wird in gewöhnlichen Yes/No-Fragen verwendet, wenn man einfach „ja oder nein“ erfahren möchte.
  Do you like it? He asked if I liked it.
- Whether wird verwendet, wenn die Frage eine Alternative oder Wahl enthält.
  Do you want tea or coffee? He asked whether I wanted tea or coffee.
Fragen mit einem Fragewort (wh-questions)
Reporting verb + wh-word + direkte Wortstellung (ohne Inversion)

“Where do you live?” she asked. She asked where I lived.

“What is he doing?” I asked. I asked what he was doing.

“Why did you leave early?” he asked. He asked why I had left early.

“How can we solve this?” they asked. They asked how they could solve it.

“When will you call me?” she asked. She asked when I would call her.
Allgemeine Fragen (Yes/No questions) Beginnen mit Do / Does / Did / Are / Is / Can / Will usw.
Reporting verb + if/whether + direkte Wortstellung

“Do you like coffee?” she asked. She asked if I liked coffee.

“Are they coming to the party?” he asked. He asked if they were coming to the party.

“Did you see the movie?” I asked. I asked if she had seen the movie.

“Will it rain tomorrow?” Tom asked. Tom asked if it would rain the next day.

“Can you help me?” she asked. She asked if I could help her.

“Is this your book?” he asked. He asked whether that was my book.

Reported speech Imperativ

Bejahter Satz: reporting verb + object + to + verb

Open the door. He told me to open the door.

Verbot: reporting verb + object + not to + verb

Don’t be late. She told me not to be late.

Reported speech Typische Fehler

Die Inversion in Fragen beibehalten
❌ He asked where was I going
✔️ He asked where I was going
„said me“ verwenden
❌ He said me that…
✔️ He told me that…
✔️ He said that…
say — без объекта, tell — с объектом
Die Zeitform nicht ändern
❌ He said he is happy.
✔️ He said he was happy. Если reporting verb в прошедшем — делаем сдвиг времени.
Die Pronomen nicht ändern
❌ She said I am tired.
✔️ She said she was tired. Местоимения всегда подстраиваются под новый контекст.

Reported speech Sätze

“I am learning French,” she said. She said she was learning French.

“He has finished his project,” they said. They said he had finished his project.

“I shall return soon,” he said. He said he should return soon.

“You must call her today,” Mom said. Mom said I had to call her that day.

“What time does the train leave?” I asked. I asked what time the train left.

“Why are you crying?” he asked. He asked why I was crying.

“Can she swim?” I asked. I asked if she could swim.

“Is your brother at home?” she asked. She asked whether my brother was at home.

Leave your shoes outside. He told me to leave my shoes outside.

Don’t touch that button. She told me not to touch that button.

Reported speech Beispiele

“I was reading a book,” she said. She said she had been reading a book.

“We have seen this movie,” they said. They said they had seen that movie.

“He will help us tomorrow,” I said. I said he would help us the next day.

“When did she arrive?” he asked. He asked when she had arrived.

“Where are my keys?” she asked. She asked where her keys were.

“Does he like pizza?” I asked. I asked if he liked pizza.

“Will they join us?” she asked. She asked if they would join us.

“You ought to apologize,” he said. He said I ought to apologize.

Be quiet, please. She told me to be quiet.

Don’t forget your umbrella. He reminded me not to forget my umbrella.

Reported Speech: Sätze, Übungen, Tests und Beispiele