Relative Clauses tunatumia
Viklausisho vya rejea ni sehemu ya sentensi changamano na hutoa taarifa muhimu kuhusu mtu au kitu.
The person who called you is my brother.
Mtu aliyekupigia simu ni kaka yangu.
Mtu aliyekupigia simu ni kaka yangu.
This is the restaurant where we first met.
Hii ndiyo mgahawa tulipokutana mara ya kwanza.
Hii ndiyo mgahawa tulipokutana mara ya kwanza.
Kuna aina mbili za viklausisho vya rejea:
- Viklausisho vya rejea vinavyofafanua hutoa taarifa muhimu
- Viklausisho vya rejea visivyofafanua hutoa taarifa za ziada zisizo muhimu
Defining Relative Clauses
Viklausisho vya rejea vinavyofafanua hutoa taarifa muhimu, hivyo haviwezi kuondolewa kwenye sentensi.- hawatenganishwi kwa koma
-
kiwakilishi rejea kinaweza kubadilishwa na “that”
The teacher who helped me was very kind. The teacher that helped me was very kind.The laptop which I bought yesterday is expensive. The laptop that I bought yesterday is expensive.
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wakati mwingine kiunganishi cha rejea who / which / that kinaweza kuachwa kinapokuwa kifaa cha kazi katika kishazi
The movie that we watched yesterday was amazing. The movie we watched yesterday was amazing.The person who I met at the conference was very friendly. The person I met at the conference was very friendly.The book which she recommended helped me a lot. The book she recommended helped me a lot.
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baada ya maneno all, everything, nothing, something, anything, the only, the first, the last kwa kawaida hatutumii which au who — tunatumia that badala yake.
All that we need now is a little patience.
Kile tunachohitaji sasa ni subira kidogo tu.Everything that he said was true.
Kila kitu alichosema kilikuwa cha kweli.Nothing that you do can change the situation.
Hakuna kitu unachoweza kufanya kinaweza kubadilisha hali hii.Something that you told me yesterday made me think.
Kitu ulichoniambia jana kimenifanya nifikirie.Anything that helps you learn is worth trying.
Chochote kinachokusaidia kujifunza kinastahili kujaribiwa.She is the only person that understands me.
Yeye ndiye mtu wa pekee anayenielewa.This is the first book that really inspired me.
Hiki ndicho kitabu cha kwanza kilichonipa msukumo wa kweli.That was the last message that he sent me.
Ulikuwa ujumbe wa mwisho aliotuma kwangu.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
The student who sits next to me is from Brazil.
Mwanafunzi anayekaa karibu nami anatoka Brazil.
Mwanafunzi anayekaa karibu nami anatoka Brazil.
The car that I bought last year is already having problems.
Gari nililonunua mwaka jana tayari lina matatizo.
Gari nililonunua mwaka jana tayari lina matatizo.
The restaurant where we usually have lunch is closed today.
Mkahawa ambapo kwa kawaida tunakula chakula cha mchana umefungwa leo.
Mkahawa ambapo kwa kawaida tunakula chakula cha mchana umefungwa leo.
The woman whose laptop was stolen called the security guard.
Mwanamke ambaye kompyuta mpakato yake iliibiwa alimwita mlinzi wa usalama.
Mwanamke ambaye kompyuta mpakato yake iliibiwa alimwita mlinzi wa usalama.
The book that you recommended helped me understand the topic.
Kitabu ulichoch推荐 kilinisaidia kuelewa mada hiyo.
Kitabu ulichoch推荐 kilinisaidia kuelewa mada hiyo.
Non-defining Relative Clauses
viklausar vya kirai visivyo bainishi hutoa taarifa za ziada zisizo muhimu ambazo zinaweza kuondolewa bila kubadilisha maana kuu.-
hutenganishwa kila wakati kwa koma
My sister, who lives in Paris, is visiting me next month.
Dada yangu, anayeishi Paris, atanitembelea mwezi ujao. -
tunatumia who / which / whose / whom; hatuwezi kutumia that
This book, which was published in 1990, is now very rare.
Kitabu hiki, ambacho kilichapishwa mwaka 1990, sasa ni adimu sana. -
katika kishazi kisicho bainishi, kiwakilishi cha rejea hakiwezi kuachwa
The museum, where we spent the whole day, is being renovated.
Makumbusho, ambako tulitumia siku nzima, yanakarabatiwa. -
Which inaweza kurejea kwenye kishazi kilichotangulia chote na kutoa maoni kuhusu hali hiyo
She didn’t come to the meeting, which surprised everyone.
Hakufika kwenye mkutano, jambo ambalo liliwashangaza wote.
Defining Relative Clauses examples
My brother, who works as a lawyer, lives in London.
Ndugu yangu, ambaye ni wakili, anaishi London.
Ndugu yangu, ambaye ni wakili, anaishi London.
This laptop, which I bought on sale, has a very good battery life.
Kompyuta hii mpakato, ambayo niliinunua kwa ofa, ina muda mzuri sana wa betri.
Kompyuta hii mpakato, ambayo niliinunua kwa ofa, ina muda mzuri sana wa betri.
Our teacher, who is very strict, rarely cancels classes.
Mwalimu wetu, ambaye ni mkali sana, husitisha masomo mara chache sana.
Mwalimu wetu, ambaye ni mkali sana, husitisha masomo mara chache sana.
The museum, which was founded in 1920, attracts thousands of visitors every year.
Jumba la makumbusho, ambalo lilianzishwa mwaka 1920, huvutia maelfu ya wageni kila mwaka.
Jumba la makumbusho, ambalo lilianzishwa mwaka 1920, huvutia maelfu ya wageni kila mwaka.
Paris, where I spent my childhood, will always feel like home to me.
Paris, ambako nilitumia utoto wangu, daima itanihisi kama nyumbani kwangu.
Paris, ambako nilitumia utoto wangu, daima itanihisi kama nyumbani kwangu.